ENGLISH-KLAMATH

479
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
A
abandon deˑWi. Sv. Also g̣lewy. Sv.
about to nʼapg. sv.
above (on top) plen. S-l.
above (over) oyg̣i. sv.
above (up high) blay. Sl.
abrade (scuff) klaˑ. S-v.
absent (lacking), be qʼeˑgi. Sv.
absent (still), be qap. S-v.
achieve se̲g̣isLa̲a. See g̣is.
acorn qli. S-n.
acquaintance se̲qoyg̣dk. See qoyg̣.
across akʼw. sv.
across a mountain etʼleˑg̣i. sv.
[action onto repeatedly] nʼ. sv.
[action upon pl.] oywi̲ʼ. sv.
Adam’s apple sqʼayʼe. Sn.
adding one quantity of a substance to another amʼaˑwʼ. sv.
[adjective formant] lʼi. sv sa.
[adjective formant] ni. sd sa sl.
[adjective formant:] in a state of having been … ed dk. sv.
admire (appreciate) yaˑmi̲ʼ. Sv.
admire (wish to have) čaˑn. S-v.
adultery (lie with someone’s spouse), commit sqʼollʼg̣oˑta. See sqʼol.
adultery (steal away someone’s spouse), commit se̲pʼalla. See pʼall.
advice sdolys. See sdoly.
advise sdoly. Sv.
advise (suggest remedies) sʔawʼaˑY. Sv.
adze yebn̲oˑts. See yebn̲.
after awhile ʔonʼčeˑ. Srt.
afterwards dankskniˑ. See dank.
again beˑn. Srt.
against (at, on) otn̲. sv.
against (diagonally) abaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
against (the shore, wall) abaˑtn̲. sv.
against a hillside alamn. sv.
Agency ʔiˑǰan. S-n.
Agent ʔiˑǰant. Sn.
ahead of ayʼaˑY. sv.
aim at a target layyi̲ʼ. Sv.
air, do an action repeatedly in the eˑqʼ. sv.
alder (sp.) wibl. Sn.
alike se̲hongpči. See hoˑd.
alkali LaLaˑk. Sn.
all naˑnok. Sa.
all around na. sl.
all around (carrying aimlessly) oyamn. sv.
all around (here and there) okang. sv.
all day wayta. See wayt.
all night niˑsda. Srt.
all together naˑnok\ʼantga. See naˑnok.
allow (let someone go, do) ʔinoˑ. S-v.
allow (permit) weˑwlʼ. Sv.
almost wikʼaˑ delčnʼbga. See dᵉl and wikʼaˑ.
almost (action not begun) a̲ksg. sv.
almost (action begun but not completed) Wiˑ. sv.

480
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
alone Naˑčyak. See Naˑs.
along (action while moving) čnʼ. sv.
along a twisting edge (cliff, riverbank) oYn̲. sv.
along the back eWa̲. sv.
along the bank alYn̲. sv. Also aliˑg. sv.
along the edge elwy. sv. Also oliˑn. sv.
along the top eLWn̲. sv.
alongside atln̲. sv. Also aLn̲. sv. Also oYn̲. sv.
also (too) čʼis. Sre.
also (too, as well) manʼiˑ. Sre.
always čʼosak. Srt.
amazed, be sǰim. S-v.
ambush, to gantn̲a. See gan.
amniotic sack skodas. See skod.
among awʼiˑn. sv.
anal hair g̣eyeˑni̲ʼs. See g̣e.
anchor se̲ntʼačʼwoˑts. See tʼačʼ.
and (so, then) čoy. Srp.
angel ʔinǰil. Sn.
anger (meanness) qiLoˑ. S-n.
angry, be sʔawiˑg. Sv.
angry (want trouble with someone), be siǰaq. S-v.
ankle nᵉawʼaˑlʼs. See nᵉ.
annoy sne̲tmaˑkʼa. See tmaˑkʼ.
annoyed, be ǰekʼ. Sv.
annoyed (disgusted) with, be qʼoˑy\ʼ. Sv.
another Naˑs. Sa.
answer walg̣. Sv.
ant qʼiMaˑč. Sn.
antelope čew. Sn.
antler tog̣i. Sn.
anus qʼiw. Sn.
anus (orifice) kʼiliˑt. Sn.
anxious, be wičʼ. S-v.
any (even) gin. Sre.
any place, way hinaˑ. S-l.
apart weliˑ. S-l.
apparition r̲e̲he̲ssleʔys. See sleʔ.
apple(s) ʔeˑpal. S-n.
appreciate yaˑmi̲ʼ. Sv.
arch the back čʼinyg̣i. See čʼin.
argue dalʼ. Sv.
arm weq. Sn.
armload, act upon a lotoˑ. S-v.
armor (elkhide shirt) qaqnʼoˑlʼ. S-n.
armor vest (slat armor) deˑLq. Sn.
armpit Yog̣. -S-n.
armpit hair r̲e̲g̣er̲diˑls. See g̣e.
around (carrying an obj. aimlessly) oyamn. sv.
around (here and there) okang. sv.
around (in a general area) na. sl.
around (revolving) akʼiˑčʼ. sv.
around a central obj. akyamn. sv.
around the edge, circumference akʼiˑmi̲ʼ. sv.
arrange (put in order) wlelg̣. Sv.
arriving adbn̲. sv.
arrow dalčʼi. Sn.
arrow (for waterfowl) nteqt. S-n.
arrow (shaman’s instrument) heneˑs. S-n.
arrow (war) kʼeys. See nkʼeysʔań̲.
arrowpoint sawl. S-n.
arrow-straightener tg̣oylkʼys. See tg̣oy.
as (so, then) či. Srp.
as (just as) waqt. See waq.
as big as betbanʼi. Sra.
as far as dadaˑdi. See dadaˑ. Also kʼadaˑdi. See kʼadaˑ.
as they say (reported action) mat. Srp.

481
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
ash (flying bits of ash from a hot fire) Lapkʼeˑk. S-n.
ashamed, be ndečgi. Sv.
ashes (coals, charcoal) lkʼom. Sn.
ashes (hearth) sneylʼg̣s. See sney.
ask a question woln̲. Sv.
ask for (beg) sʔamna. S-v.
ask for (request) sag̣oˑdg. Sv.
ask someone to do saˑdlʼ. Sv.
ask someone to go saMoˑ. S-v.
attached to (at, on) otn̲. sv.
attack gᵛolgi. See gᵛ.
attack (pounce on) delwg. Sv.
attention, pay g̣eqč. Sv.
audible, be plainly čiNttʼ. Sv.
audible, be barely qyos. Sv.
[augmentative] ʔmʼč. sn sa.
aunt (father’s brother’s wife) loloˑs. -S-n.
aunt (father’s sister) g̣oǰ. -S-n.
aunt (mother’s brother’s wife) ʔomg̣. -S-n.
aunt (mother’s sister) saˑqʼ. -S-n. Also kʼis. -S-n.
automobile lᵛor̲yamnoˑts. See lᵛ. Also ʔawtomoˑbiˑl. S-n.
avoiding ayaˑdg. sv.
awake, be delčnʼbga. See dᵉl.
awake, be fully čibqʼoˑla. See či.
away (action away from for a purpose) ča̲. sv.
away from oWasg. sv.
away from (off) osg. sv.
away from against altb. sv.
awfully (very, extremely) qʼa. Srm.
awl saqda. Sn.
axe sleg̣oˑts. See sleg̣.
B
baby mʼog. S-n.
baby birds čiˑlʼilʼig. S-n.
baby louse kʼapnʼa. Sn.
baby-sit weʼr̲dga. See weʼ.
back (again, returning) ebli. sv.
back (body part) qeˑmt. Sn.
back (view of a person) swᵉalamns. See swᵉ.
back, act on the kekʼ. -Sv.
back, act with the čʼin. S-v (cl.)
back, along the eWa̲. sv.
back, on the adgl. sv.
back, on the alamn. sv.
back and forth pbeˑli̲ʼ. sv.
back of the knee ʔiww. S-n.
back up čʼayal. S-v.
backbite r̲e̲se̲g̣wᵛobga. See g̣wᵛ.
backbone ʔᵛeLWn̲ys. See ʔᵛ.
back-scratcher se̲daqčoˑts. See daqč.
bad qʼoyčʼi. See qʼoy.
badger kol. S-n.
badly qʼoy. Sra.
bag tʼaˑyʼ. S-n. See ‘sack’ also.
bail of a bucket čʼiskʼws. See či.
bait a hook ksᵛotn̲a. See ksᵛ.
bake in a pit bog̣. Sv.
bake in a tray or pan sʔoˑdiˑla. See sʔoˑ.
bake in ashes kčinʼ. Sv.
bald stʼaqʼčwoˑldk. Also stʼaqʼwloˑldk. See tʼaqʼ.
ball boˑl. Sn.
ball-court se̲qʼawehkʼys. See qʼaw\ʼ.
bank (financial) beˑnk. Sn.
bank (where the water has receded and left a cracked dry place along the edge of a stream) slʼoyč. Sn.
bank, along the alYn̲. sv.
bank, on the aliˑg. sv.
bank a fire sdoydiˑla. See sdoy.

482
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
baptize qliwwl. See qliw.
barber r̲r̲e̲qdᵛyʼoˑqʼys. See yʼoqʼ.
barbershop r̲e̲se̲qdᵛyʼoˑqʼkʼys. See yʼoqʼ.
bare, be tʼaqʼ. S-v.
barefoot bayaˑsyak. Sra.
barely čeˑt hak. See čeˑ.
bark (inner) nčʼed. S-n.
bark (inner) stabl\ʼsʔm. See stabl\ʼ.
bark (outer) qnewčʼi. Sn.
bark, gather stabl\ʼ. Sv.
bark, to pag. Sv.
barrel tʼomoˑl. S-n.
bashful (ashamed), be ndečgi. Sv.
bashful (shy), be salkyʼ. Sv.
basket maksa. Sn.
basket (burden) yʼagi. Sn.
basket (for wokas-gathering) spidgs. See spi.
basket (sifting) slačʼqn̲oˑts. See slačʼ.
basket (storage) čaklʼa. Sn.
basket (type) saˑlm tʼaˑyʼs. See tʼaˑyʼ.
basket (water-storage) qalla. Sn.
basket base (the first ring of white cattails on which the basket is built up) se̲ʼlᵛočʼpʼs. See očʼiˑpʼ.
basket hat qma. Sn S-n.
basket hopper tʼlog̣. S-n.
basket sifter tya. Sn.
basket tray (for wokas-sifting and parching) pʼaLa. Sn.
basket-like obj., act upon sqa. S-v (cl.).
basketry designs: the following names of basketry design elements were recorded.
Arrow-Pointed-on sawlsa̲ltn̲dk. See sawl.
Crow’s-Kneed-on gaˑg̣m sqʼolʼanč\ʼa̲ltn̲dk. See qʼolʼinč.
Footed-on peč\ʼa̲ltn̲dk. See peč.
Lightning-Struck-on wlepʼl\ʼtn̲dk. See wlepʼl\ʼ.
Pit-Rivered-on moˑwa̲twaˑsa̲ltn̲dk. See moˑwa̲.
Trout-Guts-on smʼolingsa̲ltn̲dk. See smʼoling.
Wall-Framed-on sg̣ačoˑsa̲ltn̲dk. See sg̣ačoˑ.
bat nayL. -S-n.
batchelor qoqding. S-n.
bathe peˑw. Sv.
bay-colored, be beqʼ. S-v.
be gi. Sv.
be able a̲t. sv.
be an article of wearing apparel (?) eˑʼ. sv.
be what the preceding adverb says eˑwi̲ʼ. sv.
bead yamn. S-n.
bead (blue glass) čagpča. See čag.
bead (bone) qaqʼoˑ. Sn.
bead (type) yahiˑ. Sn.
bear (black bear) witʼeˑm. Sn.
bear (cinnamon) nʼaˑqʼa. Sn.
bear (grizzly) loq. Sn.
beard smʼoˑg̣. Sn.
beard (of a young boy) r̲e̲mʼaˑks. See mʼaˑk.
beat dᵛ. -S-v (cl.).
beat (in a fight) sqʼom\ʼ. Sv.
beat (win) win. S-v. Also gᵛoˑli. See oˑli.
beat (with a fist, foot) kt. S-v (cl.).
beat (with a long instrument) w. S-v (cl.).
beat hard (pitter-patter) kʼaw\ʼ. Sv.

483
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
beat hard (throb) diqʼ. Sv.
beat on (as a drum) wotn̲nʼa. See w.
beaver pom. Sn.
because of wk. sv.
become (be) gi. Sv.
become (change) g̣leg. Sv.
become (turn) dgi. sv.
bed sqʼolbgkʼys. See sqʼol. Also bet. Sn.
bedding se̲ʼwals. See wal.
bee mom. -S-n.
been ([past stative]) odg. sv.
beetle (potato beetle) weˑteˑnkniˑ. See weˑteˑn.
beetle (sp.) tgolʼoˑt. S-n.
beetle (sp.) r̲é̲ˑr̲qaˑs. See qas.
before loby. Sl Sr.
beg sʔamna. S-v.
behind alamn. sv.
behind tabyʼtant. See tabyʼ.
belch qʼobL\ʼ. Sv.
belch (gasp) mpakʼ. Sv. Or mpʼaqʼaˑ. S-v.
belch (have gas on the stomach) kʼoskʼ. Sv.
believe loˑL. Sv.
belittle sg̣aˑm. Sv.
bell din. -Sn.
below (down below) yanaˑ. Sl.
below (underneath) monaˑ. Sl.
belt (of hide) peqʼ. Sv.
belt, wear qʼayLyʼ. Sv.
bend čoq. -Sv.
bend qʼočʼ. +Sv.
bend (a limber obj.) lʼew. -Sv.
bend (a slender obj.) silʼ. -Sv.
bend (fold) qʼalʼ. -Sv.
bend (into a hoop) čʼis. S-v.
bend (wad up, tangle) qʼoli̲ʼ. -Sv.
[benefactive] iˑ. sv.
berdache twiniˑq. S-v.
berry: for various spp. see under “plant.” Berries having commonly known English names will be found under those headings.
beside aqyeˑtn̲. sv.
beside (on one side) Nay. S-l.
besides (separate) weliˑ. S-l.
between atʼamsg̣. sv.
between the legs pʼoˑkʼ. -Sv.
big moˑ. Srm.
bile bi. S-n.
bird čʼikʼ. S-n. Species having common English names will be found under those headings.
bird (sp.) gawi. Sn.
bird (sp.) ǰiWeˑʼ. -S-n.
bird (sp.) qawdoˑgiˑ. S-n.
birth, give nqaqgi. Sv. Also mʼog\ʼaˑkʼ\ʼa̲la. See mʼog. And weˑʼs\ʼa̲la. See weˑʼ.
bit (unit of money) bit. Sn.
bitch nčʼilo. Sn.
bite, to g̣wᵛ. S-v (cl.).
bite fleas čʼaˑqʼ. -Sv.
biting og̣y. sv.
bitter, be mpʼoqamn. Sv.
black, be bos. S-v.
blackberry r̲e̲tonksʔm. See ton.
blackbird čʼog̣. S-n.
blackbird (Brewer’s blackbird) čʼeg̣. S-n.
blackbird (yellow-headed blackbird) kaklaˑwʼ. -S-n.
bladder (of a fish) tʼog̣. S-n.
blanket (rabbitskin) qʼalyʼa. Sn.
blanket, wear skod. Sv.
blaze (on a horse’s forehead) se̲nᵉaliˑgdk. See nᵉ.
blaze up hebl. -Sv.

484
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
bleach, to sne̲čoˑqʼdgi. See čoqʼ.
bleed ǰeg̣lea̲la. See ǰeg̣le.
blind pat. +Sv sv.
blink swʼeqapč. S-v.
blink pʼetqʼ. Sv.
blink (wink, squint) qʼnačʼiˑqʼ. Sv.
blister čʼitn̲a. See čʼi.
blister, to čʼew\ʼ. Sv.
blizzard, to wič. S-v (cl.).
blood ǰeg̣le. Sn.
bloom, to slʼab. Sv.
blow (a puff of breath) swokʼ. S-v.
blow (breath) pniw. S-v.
blow (breeze) wloˑ. S-v.
blow (from the north) yaˑma̲. Sv.
blow (from the south) moˑwa̲. Sv.
blow (from the south-east) yeˑwa̲. Sv.
blow (snow, storm, blizzard) wič. S-v (cl.).
blow (the nose) sniˑg̣\ʼ. Sv.
blow (wind) wi. S-v (cl.).
blue, be mʼečʼ. S-v.
bluejay tsg̣ew. -S-n.
blunt, be čʼoyi̲ʼ. +Sv.
blunt on top, be tʼoM\ʼ. Sv.
blush taˑkdgir̲bqʼa. See tak.
board (piece of lumber) papg̣. S-n.
body čʼoleˑk. S-n.
body, act with the wʼin. S-v.
body hair r̲e̲mʼaˑks. See mʼaˑk.
bogeyman qoˑʼs. See qoˑʼ.
boil (skin eruption) lᵛotqʼags. See lᵛ.
boil, to dopʼ. Sv.
boil by heated stones tal. S-v.
bone qaqʼoˑ. Sn.
bone game sakl\ʼs. See sakl\ʼ.
book bok. Sn.
bootlegger r̲e̲hod̲wys. See hod̲.
bore a hole twᵛ. S-v (cl.).
both laˑb\ʼokʼ. See laˑb.
both sides, ends biblan. S-l.
bother, to sne̲tmaˑkʼa. See tmaˑkʼ.
bothered, be ǰekʼ. Sv.
bottle baˑdal. Sn.
bottom of a basket čʼoy. Sn.
bottom of a basket (a bunch of strands tied in the middle from which the sides of the basket are built up) sčilʼg̣s. See sči.
bow ntey. S-n.
bow (of a canoe) biˑʼ. S-n.
bow the head in shame sqʼenaneˑ. S-v.
bowstring naLi. S-n.
box baˑg. S-n.
box, to se̲ktobga. See kt.
box canyon ginYatbys. See gin.
boxer (fighter) r̲e̲se̲ktobgys. See kt.
boy čʼaˑg̣i. Sn.
boy (late teenage) čʼilwi. S-n.
boy (teenage) tsimʼang. Sv.
brace and bit twᵛačʼiˑkʼoˑts. See twᵛ.
bracelet, wear pipiˑkʼ. Sv.
brag se̲lodadga. See lodadg. Also he̲sčaˑndgi. See čaˑn.
braggart (show-off) qʼaǰičwʼačweˑʼ. S-n.
braid (a single braid), to qbaqʼ. Sv.
braid (pl. braids), to weqtʼ. Sv.
brain(s) tʼapsniˑq. Sn.
brake sʔiwllʼg̣oˑts. See sʔiwl.
branch weq. Sn.
branch off se̲tondg̣a. See ton.
brant (China brant) lʼak. -Sn.
brant (sp.) laˑLq. Sn.

485
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
brant (white brant) waywʼ. S-n.
bread baˑlʼaˑʼ. S-n.
bread (of cattail root flour) slʼeps. S-n.
break a brittle obj. pʼakʼ. +Sv.
break a brittle or flimsy obj. čewi̲ʼ. -Sv.
break a surface tewi̲ʼ. +Sv.
break a tooth kʼatʼ. +Sv.
break in two (fracture) qewi̲ʼ. +Sv.
break in two (sg.) gattʼ. +Sv.
break in two (pl.) golčʼ. -Sv.
break off relations with weddoˑwi. Sv.
break the neck kʼačʼ. -Sv.
breakfast, to sniyeˑga. See sni.
breastbone (bird’s) sʔoqoˑp. Sn.
breastbone (human) sg̣očʼ. S-n.
breath hoqn̲ys. See hoqn̲.
breathe hoqn̲. Sv.
breathless, be wʼičʼ. Sv.
bride (newly married girl) sqabg. S-n.
bride payment wg̣oˑwys. See wg̣oˑ.
bridge slan̲kʼws. See slan̲.
bright-colored, be Wallwi. Sv.
bring a gift se̲ʔidang̣a. See ʔi.
bringing ebg. sv.
bringing and arriving adbn̲. sv.
bristle, to skač. S-v.
brittle, be lʼemʼ. Sv.
broil (fish, flat obj.) nᵉalʼaˑlʼa. See nᵉ.
broil (piece of meat) čʼlᵉalʼaˑlʼa. See čʼlᵉ.
bronco tg̣aˑwʼ. S-n.
broom wčʼloˑsqn̲oˑts. See čʼlos.
brother (man or woman’s younger brother) tabyʼa̲b. See tabyʼ.
brother (man’s elder brother) tg̣eˑwnʼa̲b. See tg̣eˑw.
brother (woman’s elder brother) ʔaˑn. -S-n. Also kʼoˑn. -S-n.
brother-in-law (man’s) čog. -S-n. Also čʼig̣. -S-n.
brother-in-law (woman’s) molg̣. S-n.
brown, be kaW. S-v. Also čʼis. S-v. Also qʼaW. S-v (?).
bruise heavily mʼoˑqʼ. Sv.
bruise lightly mʼeˑqʼ. Sv.
brush (hair) pčikʼ. S-v.
brush (pl. objs.) Leˑ. -Sv.
brush (sg. or a few objs.) Loˑ. -Sv.
bubble, to qʼmolmʼolʼ. Sv.
bubble up sčʼolʼ. Sv.
buck (horse) stelʼal. S-v.
bucket poqʼoˑ. Sn.
buckskin (cured) mbaw. S-n.
buckskin (uncured) qla. S-n.
bud (wokas), to qʼambolwʼ. Sv.
buffalo yohoˑ. Sn.
build a house lačʼ. Sv.
bull lidol. Sn.
bullet kʼeys. See nkʼeysʔań̲.
bullets (shot) baLaˑ. S-n.
bullhead kʼoččʼa. Sn.
bull-roarer sqiˑwʼ. S-n.
bump against hod̲tn̲lʼg̣a. See hod̲.
bump with the buttocks čoqtn̲lʼg̣a. See čʼoq.
bunch, act upon a sči. S-v (cl.).
burn, to nᵛ. S-v (cl.).
burn the tongue tʼekʼ. Sv.
burrow waˑs. See waˑ.
burst bawi̲ʼ. +Sv.
bury pʼnan̲. Sv. Also womiˑ. Sv.
bury (a corpse) ʔilʼg̣a. See elʼg̣.

486
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
bush: for various spp. see under “plant.” Bushes having commonly known English names will be found under those headings.
bushes, in the aqaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
bushy, be nǰel. S-v. Also čik. S-v.
but (however) dak. Srp.
butterfly (large sp.) weq. -Sn.
butterfly (small sp.) yᵛr̲é̲r̲baleˑʼs. See yᵛ.
buttocks čʼey. Sn.
buttocks, act with the čʼoq. S-v (cl.).
buttocks, have the … in a position hoq. S-v.
buttocks, on the akʼy. sv.
button (gold army uniform button) r̲r̲e̲spiyeˑgs. See spi.
button, to lᵛtʼepkʼwa. See tʼepʼ.
buy sgeʔ. Sv.
by the fire elwy. sv. Also alʼaˑlʼ. sv.
C
cache, to wog̣. Sv.
calf keˑp. S-n.
calf (of the leg) čʼolʔs. See čʼolʔ.
California quail r̲r̲e̲sdᵛawlig̣s. See dᵛ.
call (ask someone to do) satma̲. Sv.
call (ask someone to go) saMoˑ. S-v.
call (name) ʔelg̣. Sv.
call (shout) nqen. Sv (cl.).
calm, be g̣em. S-v.
calm (quiet), be tʼaˑm. S-v.
calve keˑp\ʼaˑkʼ\ʼa̲la. See keˑp.
camas (death camas) sgaw. Sn.
camas (edible) bog̣s. See bog̣.
camp (pack a load on the back), to me. S-v.
camp, to mak. S-v. Also sney. S-v.
candy r̲é̲r̲Loy\ʼs. See Loy\ʼ.
cane heksg̣. S-n. Also yaksa. Sn.
cane (in a myth) ʔiˑme. Sn.
canoe wonǰ. Sn.
canoe, act upon a sg̣ᵛ. S-v (cl.).
canoe paddle qčʼik. Sn.
canoe pole (steering paddle) lqʼaq. Sn.
canteen ʔambo čʼir̲yamnoˑts. See čʼi.
card game ǰiˑǰiway. Sn.
cards (playing) ligal. Sn.
care for (have regard for) heˑwʼ. Sv.
care for (take care of) beˑLi̲ʼ. +Sv.
carrot baˑw. S-n.
carry in the mouth qbᵛ. S-v (cl.). Also qbi. S-v (cl.).
carry on a litter liwaˑ. S-v.
carry someone on the shoulders sčʼikʼwal. S-v.
carrying around oyamn. sv.
carry-strap (for a pack basket) stinLa̲s. See stin.
castrate qdᵛolčʼa. See qdᵛ.
cat pʼoˑs. S-n. Also pʼisʔ. -S-n.
cataract in the eye, have boqL. Sv.
catch (a thrown obj.) qʼawʼ. Sv.
catch (hold, grasp, seize) snʼog̣. Sv.
caterpillar wdoˑtg. S-n.
cat’s cradle, play sag̣apǰol. S-v.

487
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
cat’s cradle figures: the following are the names of some of the common cat’s cradle figures.
Coyote wʼas. See wʼa.
Ghost’s-Cane skoˑgsʔm heksg̣ys. See skoˑg and heksg̣.
Little-Coyotes r̲e̲wʼakʼa. See wʼa.
Magpie r̲é̲r̲wʼig̣s. See wʼig̣.
Sky g̣aloˑ. See g̣aloˑ.
Squeezing-the-Anus qʼiw qʼa čʼapʼs. See qʼiw.
Sun-Rises sʔabas dinyg̣i. See sʔab and din.
Taking-the-Cradleboard-from-Each-Other swʼenč se̲ʔᵛodg̣eˑʼs. See swʼenč and ʔᵛ.
Wolf g̣ewčys. See g̣ewč.
Wood-Worker ʔanko r̲r̲e̲sʔodtʼys. See ʔanko and sʔ.
sg̣ag̣als čʼopʼs. [Unknown meaning.]
cattail pop. S-n.
cattail burr wʼiˑWi. Sn.
cattail flour bread slʼeps. S-n.
cattail root qdog. S-n.
caulk skʼačʼ. Sv. Also sničiˑkʼ. Sv.
[causative] he̲s. pv. Also sne̲. pv.
cave g̣ome. Sn.
cedar (sp.) wolwan. S-n.
celebrate yeq. Sv.
celery (wild celery) bočʼo. Sn.
center datg̣lam. Sl.
center pole (of a winter house) sdᵛodiˑls. See dᵛ.
chafe wen̲. Sv.
chair čᵛawloˑts. See čᵛ.
chalk lobg̣. S-n.
change g̣leg. Sv.
change (boy’s voice at puberty) wag̣nʼ. Sv.
char, to boˑsi̲. -Sv.
charcoal lkʼom. Sn.
chase, to soˑ. S-v.
chatter (teeth) kʼatʼ. +Sv.
cheat sditg̣. Sv.
cheek patʼoˑ. Sn.
chest (body part) wso. Sn.
chew g̣wᵛokanga. See g̣wᵛ.
chewing up ačʼeˑs. -Sv.
chick (newly hatched bird) sqemqn̲wys. See sqem.
chickadee čʼisg̣iˑg̣i. Sn.
chicken ǰigin. Sn.
child weˑʼ. S-n.
childless person čʼido. Sn.
children tʼaksni. -Sn.
chin g̣eˑčʼo. Sn.
Chinese ǰaˑnama. Sn.
chip, to čeqʼ. -Sv.
chip off qʼečʼ. -Sv.
chipmunk (sp.) wasla. Sn.
choke (on a mouthful of food) ntop. S-v.
choke (on something in the throat) qliń̲. Sv.
choke (strangle) yᵛačqʼaˑqʼa. See yᵛ.
choke (strangle with the fingers) čʼlᵉačqʼaˑqʼa. See čʼlᵉ.
chokecherry dwičqʼs. See dwičqʼ.
chokecherry gum walaˑg̣. S-n.
chop w. S-v (cl.).
“chub” (fish): see “fish.”
church čečhaws. See čeč.
church camp loˑLbgmksi. See loˑL.
cigarette pʼag̣s. See pʼag̣.

488
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
cinch (horse harness) switʼls. See swᵛ.
circle, in a akʼiˑmi̲ʼ. sv.
circle, into a oqʼil. -Sv.
clam g̣leˑčʼo. Sn.
clap the hands qtʼaqʼ. Sv.
clavicle nahkʼ. S-n.
claw sdeg̣. S-n.
clay (type) sbaˑl. Sn.
clean (a fish) wʼetʼdg̣a. See wʼetʼ.
clean off (chips) qetʼ. -Sv.
clear, be yal. S-v.
clear away (forest, brush) qatʼ.
clearing (open space) saˑykʼa. Sn.
clench the teeth se̲g̣wᵛačdang̣a. See g̣wᵛ.
click to a horse kčʼiqʼ. Sv.
cliff Wal. S-n.
climbing up og̣n̲. sv.
cling to mʼiq. -Sv.
clinging vine (dependent person) čʼlᵉmʼiqtn̲ys. See mʼiq. Also se̲ndokdgs. See ndok.
clitoris siˑd. S-n.
clod tʼoˑlg̣. S-n.
close (near, short) wikaˑ. Sl.
close (nearby) syokʼaˑ. S-l.
close a door kʼays. S-v.
close the eyes qʼlamčʼ. Sv.
closing akʼy. sv.
cloth siˑl. Sn.
clothlike obj., act upon a slᵉ. S-v (cl.).
clothlike surface, act upon a hiw. S-v.
clothe lwᵛ. S-v (cl.).
clothing se̲lwᵛotn̲ys. See lwᵛ.
cloud pʼayss. See pʼays.
cloud (from which streamers of mist hang down) lmen̲ysʔm lag̣. See lmen̲ and lag̣.
cloudy, be pʼays. Sv.
club (weapon) stoˑbgs. See stoˑbg.
clumsy, be Ločʼ. Sv.
coals lkʼom. Sn.
coals, on the aps. sv.
coat gabo. Sn.
coccyx qodo. Sn.
coffee koˑbi. Sn.
cohabit mboseˑlʼ. Sv.
coil (rope) spᵛqʼoli̲ʼlʼg̣a. See qʼoli̲ʼ.
coil up (snake) čqʼaˑlʼ. -Sv.
coitus, have sʔin. Sv.
coitus from behind, have nʼeˑslʼ. Sv.
cold (catarrh), have snʼewLi. Sv.
cold (person), be g̣atdkʼ. Sv.
cold (weather, liquid), be čkʼaˑW. Sv.
collander sčiqn̲oˑts. See sči.
[collective] ʔm. sn.
collide se̲hod̲dang̣a. See hod̲. See also “bump.”
colt tg̣aˑwʼkʼa. See tg̣aˑwʼ.
comb, to slᵛčiˑqʼa. See slᵛ.
come gᵛebga. See gᵛ and ebg.
coming ebg. sv.
coming for a purpose olgi. sv.
coming home adbn̲. sv.
command (message) noˑkangs. See noˑ.
command, to tbeˑw. Sv.
competition, in a eˑʼ. sv.
complain soˑwi. Sv.
completely bil. Sre.
completely, do čapg. -Sv.
completing oˑl. sv.
concealing ayahʔ. sv.
conceited, be stosq. Sv.
[conditional:] if heˑ. Srp.
cone (of bark: treatment for arthritis or rheumatism) se̲kʼlᵛikLs. See kʼlᵛ.

489
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
confused, be loˑwkanga. See loˑw.
confused (rattled), be bem\ʼ. Sv.
consider someone unable čʼoy. Sv.
constellation: the following are the names of constellations:
Children r̲r̲e̲ntʼaksni. See tʼaksni.
String-of-Fish slogs. See slog.
Wiyaˑ’s-Bow wiyaˑlm nteys. See wiyaˑ (meaning unknown).
constipated, be wgipʼ. Sv.
container waˑg̣ogs. See waˑ.
container, into a ig̣og. sv. Also iwyʼg̣. sv.
container, out of a odg. sv. Also oyg̣ag. sv.
converse hasaswaˑkʼy. Sv. Also Waldga. See Wal.
cook (mustard seeds) ʔᵛewa. See ʔᵛ.
cook, to snoˑg̣. See noˑg̣.
cooked, be noˑg̣. Sv.
cooking rock mba. S-n.
cool (by blowing on) snog. Sv.
Coos Bay people haˑniˑ. S-n.
cord in the neck twinwan. Sn.
core loˑq. Sn.
corn (maize) ʔisalqʼi. Sn.
corner, in a akʼčʼwy. sv.
cornered, be ʔir̲r̲é̲wnʼa̲a. See awnʼa̲.
corpse g̣legdk. See g̣leg.
corpses čʼoˑqʼdk. See čʼoˑqʼ.
cottonwood tree wlal. Sn.
cough, to ʔoqsoʼ. Sv.
count, to sʔedw. Sv.
cousin ʔomǰ. -S-n.
cousin (female) qʼaˑǰ. -S-n. Also naˑn. -S-n.
cousin (male, said by a younger male) tg̣eˑwnʼa̲b. See tg̣eˑw.
cousin (mother’s younger brother’s child, said by a male) čog. -S-n.
cousin (woman’s elder female cousin) tʼaˑl. -S-n.
cover (and squash) čʼiqʼ. -Sv sv.
cover (with a lid) wtʼamʼ. Sv.
cover, to wal. S-v sv. Also tʼačʼ. -Sv.
covet loˑčwʼ. Sv.
cow mos. -Sn.
coward r̲e̲sinʼamstn̲ys. See sinʼams. Also r̲e̲wosys. See wos.
cowboy tg̣aˑwʼs r̲e̲čᵛikLys. See tg̣aˑwʼ and čᵛ.
coyote wʼa. S-n. Also kʼolyʼaˑ. Sn.
coyote (sp.) wʼas paLlʼg̣s. See paL.
coyote (sp.?) kʼwatag. S-n.
crack, to bawi̲ʼ. +Sv.
cradleboard swʼenč. Sn.
cradleboard hoop sčʼisliˑgs. See čʼis.
cradleboard sunshade sčʼisLa̲ys. See čʼis.
cramp (in the leg), have čʼolʔ. Sv.
cramp (in the stomach), have hoyʔakčʼ. Sv.
cramp (kink), have lg̣eˑy. S-v.
cramp (knotting up of a muscle) stiˑqʼ. Sv.
crane (blue crane) sʔoˑg̣. S-n.
crane (sandhill crane) qʼlidiˑ. S-n.
crane (white crane) kowaˑ. Sn.
crane a look tʼwekʼ. Sv.
Crater Lake giˑw. S-n.

490
KLAMATH-DICTIONARY
crave baˑg̣. Sv.
crawfish g̣oyʼa. Sn.
crawl kčʼi. S-v.
crawl (snake) skin. S-v.
crawl under headfirst g̣oˑdiˑla. See g̣oˑ. Also g̣oˑtʼaqʼtn̲a.
crazy, be čʼawʼig. Sv.
cremate lolog̣sʼa̲la. See lolog̣.
cricket dlol. Sn.
crops he̲swaˑs. See waˑ.
cross the legs se̲ʔᵛawlyeˑga. See ʔᵛ.
cross-eyed, be mbely. Sv.
crouch kʼnoqʼ. S-v.
crouch (stoop down) paL. S-v. Also čʼinlʼg̣a. See čʼin.
crow g̣aˑg. Sn.
crow, to pakʼ. Sv.
crown of the head nqʼaq. Sn.
crumble up (as a clod, ice) čoyi̲ʼ. +Sv.
crumble up (small objs.) toyi̲ʼ. +Sv.
crumple up qoli̲ʼ. -Sv.
crush čʼiqʼ. -Sv sv.
crush into shape pʼosqʼ. -Sv.
crust (on snow) bayL. S-n.
crutch se̲kᵛiwčnʼoˑts. See kᵛ.
cry (from fright) ʔesnkʼ. Sv.
cry (weep) swaqč. Sv. Also ʔamna. S-v.
cry (whine like a baby) mʼeˑqʼy. Sv.
cry, make someone sʔaˑʼ. Sv.
cry over something (“take very hard”) lowatbislʼ. Sv (?).
cuckold spondg̣a. See spon. See also “adultery, commit.”
cup kap. Sn.
curl, to qʼoli̲ʼ. -Sv.
curl up qpʼalʼ. Sv.
currant čʼomsqʼ. S-n.
curse (lay a spell on) tawy. Sv.
curse (swear at) laˑm. Sv.
cut, to qdᵛ. S-v (cl.).
cut hair yʼoqʼ. -Sv.
cut in strips čayi̲ʼ. +Sv.
cut off a sg. obj. kʼal\ʼ. -Sv sv. Also gattʼ. +Sv.
cut off pl. objs. golčʼ. -Sv.
cut off the head kʼačʼ. -Sv.
cut open a bulbous round obj. titʼ. +Sv. Also aLaˑsg̣n̲. sv.
cute, be g̣ag̣l. S-v.
D
dab (sprinkle) čʼečʼ. -Sv.
dam ʔᵛodiˑlks. See ʔᵛ.
dam (fish dam) čᵛabaˑyi̲ʼkʼys. See čᵛ.
dam, to sdᵛakʼya. See sdᵛ. Also sdᵛayʼaˑYa. See sdᵛ.
damage around the edges pʼetʼ. -Sv.
damp, be tkʼaˑw. S-v.
damp (wet), be mʼoqʼaLtʼ. Sv.
dance, to ksiw. S-v.
dance (ceremonial dance), to waˑL. Sv.
dance (scalp dance), to saˑč. Sv.
dance (war dance), to niklap. S-v.
dandruff pʼoqang. S-n.
danger ǰiǰiˑk. S-n.
dangerous wosaspči. See wos.
dappled, be ltoˑqʼ. Sv.
dare, to deyoˑw. Sv. Also haskiˑng. S-v.
dark, be čʼmog. Sv. Also sponneˑga. See spon.
darkness čʼmogs. See čʼmog.

491
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
darling he̲sanʼaˑWawlis. See sanʼaˑWawli.
daughter eˑ. -S-n.
daughter-in-law tod. -S-n.
daughter-in-law (woman newly married and living with her in-laws) tʼeynniwaˑs. See tʼeyn.
dawn, to beqʼ. S-v.
day, be wayt. Sv.
daydream, to diwiˑs mpetʼčnʼa. See mpetʼ.
daytime pse. Sn.
dead. See “die.”
dead fish čʼalw. S-n.
deaf, be nčoqʼ. Sv.
death camas sgaw. Sn.
decay (rust, rot) slʼeqʼ. Sv.
decay (spoil, sour, rot) ntʼopʼ. Sv.
[declarative] ʔa. Srp.
deep (wide, tall, far) ʔaˑdiˑ. Sl sr.
deep, be ʔeˑWi̲. Sv.
deep into oteˑg. sv.
deer lilhang. S-n. Also maˑwič. Sn.
deer (black-tailed deer) mos. -Sn.
deer (muledeer) baˑg̣oˑl. S-n.
deer (red deer) swayʼ. Sn.
deer-hoof rattle sr̲e̲r̲čaqʼoˑts. See čaqʼ.
defecate sqʼeń̲. Sv.
defecate (have a loose motion) ntitʼlʼg̣a. See titʼ.
delouse dmᵛkʼačʼa. See dmᵛ.
[demonstrative Type II formant] n. sd.
den waˑs. See waˑ.
dent pʼečʼaqʼ. -Sv.
dentalium tʼolalwʼ. S-n.
deny saqamk. Sv.
depend upon dal\ʼtn̲bga. See dal\ʼ. Also sadamniˑlg̣. Sv (?).
desert, to gᵛoliˑna. See gᵛ.
design, make somʼalwʼ. Sv.
destroy swʼeng. Sv.
dew čʼidgs. See čʼi.
dewclaw se̲daqčoˑts. See daqč.
devil monaˑdalʼkniˑ. See monaˑ.
diagonally against abaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
diaphragm pʼaw. S-n.
diarrhea, have gᵛoditgoˑla. See gᵛ.
die (pl.) čʼoˑqʼ. Sv.
die (sg.) g̣leg. Sv.
die (slang) g̣aliˑn. Sv.
different kinds, ways ʔoʔoˑʔaq. Sra.
differently wenniˑ. Sra.
difficult, be qwaˑtʼ. Sv.
dig (a hole) yebn̲. Sv.
dig (a row, furrow) tʼoyi̲ʼ. +Sv.
dig (a tunnel) dmᵛ. S-v (cl.).
dig (a well) sʔilg. Sv.
dig (roots) mey, Sv.
digging stick ʔamda. Sn. Also yoqma. Sn.
[diminutive] ʼaˑkʼ. sn sa.
dip, to sdin. S-v.
dip net sdinyeˑgoˑts. See sdin.
dirt g̣eˑla. Sn.
dirty, be qʼaqneˑg. Sv.
disappointed, be dat gikanga. See gi.
discontented, be čʼiyoˑlʼ. Sv.
disgusted with, be qʼoˑy\ʼ. Sv.
dish, be a sapL. Sv.
dishevel kʼoˑs. -Sv.
dishpan sdipnks. See sdipn.
dislike, to mʼočkʼ. Sv.

492
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
disparage sg̣aˑm. Sv.
dispersed aywwi. sv.
dissatisfied, make someone sne̲leˑgdgi. See leg.
distribute ʔeˑtʼ. Sv.
[distributive] r̲e̲. sv sn sd sa sl sr.
disturb (a sleeping person) snomčakL. Sv.
ditch g̣og̣ea̲ls. See g̣og̣e.
dive, to ban. Sv.
dividing edg̣. sv.
divorce, to se̲g̣lewy. See g̣lewy.
dizzy, be lem\ʼ. Sv.
do (make, work) sʔ. S-v (cl.).
do transitively (?) odtʼ. -Sv.
do what the preceding noun says ʼa̲l. sv sn.
doctor (shaman) qyog̣. S-n.
doctor (white man’s doctor) daˑkda. Sn. Also yawg̣smeˑn. See yawg̣ and meˑn.
doctor someone (as a shaman does) čᵛotn̲a. See čᵛ.
doe golo. Sn.
dog wač\ʼaˑkʼ. See wač.
doing repeatedly in the air eˑqʼ. sv.
doll, play with a ʔamʔ. Sv.
dollar daˑla. Sn.
door kʼaystn̲ys. See kʼays.
door, in the eqʼy. sv.
door, just outside the atʼiˑt. sv.
dote on ndok. S-v.
double up a fist qpʼalʼ. Sv.
doughy, be lʼabkʼ. +Sv.
dove ʔoˑlʼ. S-n.
down a hill atqʼaps. sv. Also eqweˑL. sv.
down from a height odg̣i. sv. Also atqʼaps. sv.
down off oˑli. sv.
down on top of eLWn̲. sv.
down to the earth elʼg̣. sv.
downstream obln̲. sv.
drag, to spi. S-v (cl.).
drag, to sbᵛ. S-v (cl.).
drag a heavy obj. tʼoyi̲ʼ. +Sv.
dragonfly qoqding. S-n.
drape over lmoˑl. S-v.
draping off the edge owʼeˑtʼ. sv.
drawers (woman’s) qaL. S-n.
dread, to niˑqʼa. S-v.
dream, see in a tʼn̲. sv.
dream, to dodiˑqʼ. Sv.
dress (clothe) lwᵛ. S-v (cl.).
dress, wear a g̣og̣. Sv.
dried fish qaml. S-n.
drink, to bonw. Sv.
drip, to di. S-v (cl.). Also nčikʼ. S-v. Also ntiqʼ. S-v.
drive (a stake) hon. S-v.
drive (animals) tpo. S-v. Also niw. S-v.
drive (automobile, wagon) lᵛor̲yamna. See lᵛ. Also sdilnčnʼa. See sdiln.
drive (fish into a net) ksᵛiwLa̲a. See ksᵛ.
drop (let fall) debl. S-v. Also see “fall.”
drop off (as a ripe berry) sčoqʼy. S-v. Also qam. S-v.
drum bam. -Sn.
drumstick r̲é̲r̲bam wotn̲nʼoˑts. See bam and w.
drunk, be lʔeg. Sv.
dry, to bah. Sv.
dry fish qamls\ʼa̲la. See qaml.
dry up pal. Sv.
dry up (as a drought) mpʼaqʼ. Sv.

493
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
drying rack sčokʼlʼg̣s. See sčokʼ. Also sbahoˑts. See bah.
[dubitative] yʼa. Sre.
duck (blackjack duck) sney. S-n.
duck (butterball duck) r̲r̲e̲mpʼaqtn̲ys. See mpʼaq.
duck (canvasback duck) g̣olaˑ. Sn.
duck (diver duck) qʼiliˑǰig. S-n.
duck (diving duck) kokaswʼa. Sn.
duck (fish duck) ǰig. -S-n.
duck (fish duck) ǰaqno. S-n.
duck (mallard duck) Weˑg̣. S-n.
duck (pintail duck) golg. S-n.
duck (red duck) wiʔam. Sn.
duck (sp.) Weˑg̣sginʼa. See Weˑg̣ and ginʼa.
duck (spoonbill duck) g̣ononoˑʼ. S-n.
duck (whistler duck) dodod. S-n.
duck (wood duck) čʼawlaˑk. S-n.
duckling doydi. Sn.
duckling (just hatched) swʼiˑg. S-n.
dumpling r̲e̲qʼayʼeʼaˑkʼ. See qʼayʼe.
[durative] obg. sv.
during i. sv.
dust nkililkʼs. See nkililkʼ.
dusty, be nkililkʼ. Sv. Also boqʼ. Sv.
dwarf (midget), be skʼič. S-v.
dwarf (race of trolls) gagaˑnʼa. Sn.
dwelling čiˑs. See čiˑ.
dye (with rotten wood dye) smoloʼa̲la. See molo.
dye, to sne̲lᵛewa. See lᵛ.
E
eagle (bald eagle) yawqʼl. Sn.
eagle (golden eagle) blaywaˑs. See blay and waˑ.
ear momʼoˑwč. Sn. Also wʼawʼaˑq. S-n.
early ʔonaˑ. Srt.
earn money daˑlaa̲la. See daˑla.
earring hastamn. S-n.
earth g̣eˑla. Sn.
earth, down to the elʼg̣. sv.
earth to sky, from kʼačʼ. -Sv (?).
earthquake, have g̣eˑla sikʼdgi. See sikʼ.
earwax dodoˑq. S-n.
East lobytdalʼ. See loby.
eat pʼań̲. sv.
eat (a bird embryo) Loˑčʼ. Sv.
eat (breakfast, snack) sni. S-v (cl.).
eat (mustard seed gravy) čʼipʼ. Sv.
eat (roe, fish eggs) Loqʼ.
eat (soup) Loˑb\ʼ. Sv.
eat (roasted bird skin) čʼelg. Sv.
eat (tules) ltew. Sv.
eat up wotʼ. Sv.
eat with he̲snᵉedg̣a. See nᵉ.
eavesdrop mačaˑdiˑla. See mačaˑ.
echo, to pʼaq. -Sv.
eclipse, have /loq ʔa slʼog̣iˑ sʔabasas./ See slʼᵛ.
edge, along a twisting alYn̲. sv.
edge, along the elwy. sv. Also aliˑg. sv.
edge, around the akʼiˑmi̲ʼ. sv.
edge, damage the pʼetʼ. +Sv.
edge, off the oliˑn. sv. Also owʼeˑtʼ. sv.
edge, on the oliˑn. sv. Also oykiˑn. sv.
edge, on the very eliˑw. sv.
edge, over the owʼeˑtʼ. sv.
edge, to the oykiˑn. sv.
edge (shore), to the abaˑtn̲. sv.
eel g̣awi. Sn.
egg napl. Sn.

494
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
eight ndanksept. See ndan and ksept.
eighteen tewnʼip\ʼant ndanksept. See tewnip and ndan.
eighty ndankseptnʼi tewnʼip. See ndan and tewnʼip.
either wag̣eˑnha. Srp.
elbow se̲ltʼoqʼkʼys. See ltʼoqʼ.
elbow, act with the tqiq. S-v (cl.).
elbow-fight, to he̲stqitʼčʼa. See tqiq.
elder tg̣eˑw. Sn.
elderberry slʼoˑlwʼsʔm. slʼoˑlwʼ. See slʼoˑlwʼ.
eleven tewnʼip\ʼant Naˑs. See tewnʼip and Naˑs.
elk won. Sn.
embrace, to pewqʼy. Sv.
embracing akyamn. sv.
embryo (bird) Loˑčʼs. See Loˑčʼ.
embryo (duck) bolʼoˑq. S-n.
emphasize a point sdal\ʼtn̲a. See dal\ʼ.
[emphatic] hak. Sre.
empty, be ʔewʼn̲oˑla. See ʔewʼn̲.
empty-handed, be le dwaˑ gi. See le.
enamored, be wičʼtn̲a. See wičʼ. Also ldokw. Sv.
end, on the awʼaˑlʼ. sv.
end (point), on the amʼaˑčʼ. sv.
end, to the abaˑni. sv.
endure sikʼnam. S-v.
enlarge a hole pʼetʼ. +Sv.
enough sibač. Sv.
enslave (pl.) r̲e̲lowags\ʼa̲la. See loˑg.
enslave (sg.) loˑgs\ʼa̲la. See loˑg.
entrails (intestines) qʼayʼe. Sn.
entrails (lights) ǰilaˑʼ. S-n.
entrails (fish) smʼoling. S-n.
erection, have qniyʼ. Sv.
escape wibg. Sv.
escaping oykag. sv.
even (any) gin. Sre.
even (even though) maˑms. Srp.
evening qi. S-n.
evening, in the litg̣i. Srt.
ever dadaˑ. Sri.
every naˑnok. Sa.
everything naˑnokdwaˑ. See naˑnok and dwaˑ.
evilly qʼoy. Sra.
examine swᵉotn̲nʼa. See swᵉ.
exasperated, be nčeg̣i. Sv.
excrement sqʼeń̲s. See sqeń̲.
explain heseˑks. Sv.
extend in a grove witʼ. S-v.
extend in a line waˑm. S-v (cl.). Also lčʼi. S-v.
extend out into a plain wqiw. Sv sv.
extend to a point stak. S-v.
extinguish a fire sipč. Sv.
eye lolb. Sn.
eye, injure the čʼiwʼ. -Sv.
eye, put out the pʼačʼ. +Sv sv.
eye mucus wawʼaˑk. S-n.
eyebrow snʼeklʼ. S-n.
eyelash(es) sg̣apčʼleˑlʼeˑg. S-n. Also sg̣emʼin. S-n.
F
face delʔn̲. Sv.
face, act on the pʼeqʼ. +Sv sv.
fade (turn white) baˑldgi. See bal.
fade away (sound) qmeˑs. S-v.
fall (a load, mass of objs.) wʼetʼ. S-v.

495
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
fall (pl. objs.) he. S-v.
fall (season) sʔaLm. Sn.
fall (sg.) ntʼiw. S-v. Also w. S-v (cl.).
fall (tree) hin. S-v.
fall headfirst dᵛ. S-v (cl.).
fall out (tooth) kʼatʼ. +Sv.
fan, to wLiw. S-v.
fang g̣wᵛoga̲oˑts. See g̣wᵛ.
far (deep, wide, tall) ʔaˑdiˑ. Sl sr.
fart, to skiy\ʼ. Sv.
fast (go hungry) sdaˑw. Sv.
fast (quickly) g̣illi̲ʼank. See g̣illi̲ʼ.
fast (soon) balaq. Srt.
fat blo. Sn.
fat, be bliń̲.
father tis. -S-n.
father-in-law (woman’s) qoˑsbgs. See qoˑs.
fawn wilʼe. Sn. Also ʔank. Sn.
fear (be scared, startled) toqʼ. Sv.
fear (be terrified) sinʼams. S-v.
fear (dread) niˑqʼa. S-v.
fear, to wos. Sv.
fear a bogeyman qoˑʼ. Sv.
fear a ghost skoˑg. Sv.
feather, to Lań̲. Sv.
feed baby birds dew. S-v.
feel (intuit) se̲mčelg̣a. See mčelg̣.
feel (think) hosʔ. Sv.
feel around aws. -Sv.
feeling like nʼapg. sv.
feet, act with the yᵛ. S-v (cl.).
feet, under the anasg̣. sv.
female genitals, on the ew. sv.
female quadruped or bird golo. Sn.
fence waqlʼaq. Sn. Also qčing. S-n.
fester čʼilʼg̣a. See čʼi.
few kʼinkʼ. Sa.
feverish, feel tʼekʼ. Sv.
fieldmouse msa. S-n.
fifteen tewnʼip\ʼant tonʼip. See tewnʼip and tonʼip.
fifty tonʼipnʼi tewnʼip. See tonʼip and tewnʼip.
fifty cent piece Naykstʼa. See Nay.
fight, to r̲e̲siwga. See siwg.
file (tool) ʔᵛqʼečʼs. See qʼečʼ.
fill, to sne̲ʔeˑwʼn̲a. See ʔewʼn̲. Also sdaˑ gi. See sdaˑ.
filled with pus, be mʼolʼ. Sv.
fillet of a fish sʔaliˑn. S-n.
fin qiˑč. S-n.
finally tabyʼg̣eˑni. See tabyʼ.
find, to gawʼl. Sv.
finger lg̣awʼaˑwʼalʼ. S-n.
finger, act with a sqol. S-v.
fingernail sdeg̣. S-n.
fingernails, act with the čʼlᵉ. S-v (cl.).
finish, to woN. Sv.
finishing oˑl. sv. Also elʼg̣. sv.
fir tree (sp.) čʼibqʼs. See čʼi.
fir tree (sp.) slaˑl. Sn.
fir tree (sp.) wonǰm. See wonǰ.
fir tree (sp.—or possibly yellow pine) liwl. -S-n.
fire lolog̣. S-n.
fire, act on a kʼlᵛ. S-v (cl.). Also slʼᵛ. S-v (cl.).
fire, by the elwy. sv.
fire, into the alʼaˑlʼ. sv.
fire, on a kslʼ. sv.
fire, out of a oykiˑn. sv.

496
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
fire (a weapon) once dewy. Sv.
fire (a weapon) pl. times yʼoˑ. S-v (cl.).
fire-drill, use slikw. Sv.
firefly čoˑq. Sn.
first loby. Sl Sr.
first (before some other action) wʼeˑ. Sre.
fish kyem. Sn.
fish: the following are the names of fish which have no commonly known English name or which were unidentifiable. The informants classified these roughly into “gudgeons,” “mullets,” “suckers,” and miscellaneous. Unfamiliarity with marine biology renders this list open to error.
gudgeons (also called “chubs”)
gudgeon (called a “gudgeon” by Gatschet and a “bullhead” by the informants) kʼoččʼa. Sn.
gudgeon (large sp.) qčʼiˑwʼ. S-n.
gudgeon (sp.) ndiˑlʼ. S-n.
gudgeon (sp. called a “minnow” by the informants) qʼodag. S-n.
gudgeon (sp. called a “sunfish” by LK) tʼeˑba. Sn.
mullets
mullet (sp.) čʼwaˑm. Sn.
mullet (sp.) histʼy. S-n.
mullet (sp.) qʼapdo. Sn.
mullet (sp.) tlag̣. S-n.
mullet (sp.) yeˑn. Sn.
suckers
sucker (biggest sp.) čʼom. S-n.
sucker (sp.) saqda. Sn.
sucker (sp.) wčʼag. S-n.
fish names (continued)
miscellaneous
sp. of large minnow sawaˑ. S-n.
small sp. čawʼ. S-n.
small sp. of minnow wnay. Sn.
fish (dried) qaml. S-n.
fish bladder or intestines smʼoling. S-n.
fish dam čᵛabaˑyi̲ʼkʼys. See čᵛ.
fish scraps noˑg̣sʔm. See noˑg̣.
fish spear stʼakwʼ. S-n.
fish spear (pronged) qalʼg̣s. See qa.
fish by torchlight kʼlᵛočʼwa. See kʼlᵛ. Also slʼᵛočʼwa. See slʼᵛ.
fish with a hook and line swʼᵛewa. See swʼᵛ.
fish with a net deklʼg̣a. See dek.
fish with a trolling line spiwa. See spi.
fisher (animal) wʼalqʼačga. Sn.
fishhook lᵛodg̣is. See lᵛ. Also knewoˑts. See knew.
fishing spot dᵉlodiˑlks. See dᵉl.
fishline swʼᵛews. See swʼᵛ.
fishline (trolling line) spiwoˑts. See spi.
fishnet wičʼoˑL. S-n.
fishnet (netting) layg̣. S-n.
fishnet (or fishtrap?) wlo. Sn.
fishpole swʼᵛewoˑts. See swʼᵛ. Also wqa. Sn.
fist, make a slapstʼ. Sv.
fit, to sibač. Sv.
five tonʼip. Sa.
five cent piece he̲sne̲r̲é̲ˑr̲bem\ʼs. See bem\ʼ.
five plus the preceding number ksept. -Sa.
flabby, be tʼosqʼ. Sv.
flap (flutter) bal. -Sv.

497
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
flap (wings) wqapqʼ. Sv.
flap, to Lapʼ. Sv.
flare up (fire) hebl. -Sv.
flat, be Lepʼ. Sv.
flat obj., act upon a nᵉ. S-v (cl.)
flat on top, be tʼoM\ʼ. Sv.
flat place, in a ew. sv.
flea kʼotʼ. S-n.
flee qeˑq. S-v.
flicker (as a fire from afar) liw\ʼ. Sv.
flicker (bird) newlʼinč. Sn.
flicker (twinkle, glitter) lʼeqʼ. Sv.
flint mbosag. S-n.
float (pl.) lmeˑy. S-v.
float (sg.) mpetʼ. S-v.
flood, to sčʼiyeˑga. See čʼi.
flop, to Witʼ. Sv.
flour baˑlʼaˑʼ. S-n.
flow (drip) di. S-v (cl.).
flow, to ntol. S-v.
flower leˑw. -S-n.
flute, play slʼoˑlwʼ. Sv.
flutter bal. -Sv.
fly (housefly) mang̣. Sn.
fly, to hon. S-v.
foal, to tg̣aˑwʼkʼaa̲la. See tg̣aˑwʼ.
foam, to soˑqʼoˑng. Sv.
fog loˑws. See loˑw.
foggy, be loˑw. Sv.
fold, to qʼalʼ. -Sv.
follow saq. -Sv.
follow a leader wlan. S-v.
food pʼań̲s. See pʼań̲.
foot peč. Sn S-v.
foot, act with the peč. Sn S-v. Also yᵛ. S-v (cl.).
foot rags pʼiwg̣. S-n.
footprint pečlʼg̣Wiˑs. See peč.
for a long time maˑns. Srt.
for fun eˑʼ. sv.
for the sake of iˑ. sv.
forbid hiwsg. Sv.
forbid (warn) r̲e̲woytn̲bga. See woy.
ford gᵛakʼwkʼys. See gᵛ. Also r̲e̲he̲sbankʼwks. See ban.
forehead lakʼiˑ. Sn.
forehead, on the aliˑg. sv.
foresee in a dream dodiˑqʼlʼg̣a. See dodiˑqʼ.
forever čʼosni. See čʼosak.
forget yʼaM. S-v.
fork (eating utensil) se̲kᵛiwdg̣nʼoˑts. See kᵛ.
fornicate sʔin̲. Sv.
fornicate (woman) se̲dᵛewlʼg̣a. See dᵛ.
Fort Klamath ʔiWqʼaˑqʼ. See ʔiW.
forty wonibnʼi tewnʼip. See woniˑb and tewnʼip.
forward and backward ačʼwa̲. sv.
fountain r̲e̲bonwks. See bonw.
four woniˑb. Sa.
fourteen tewnʼip\ʼant woniˑb. See tewnʼip and woniˑb.
fox (red fox) wʼan. Sn.
fox (silver fox) hey. -Sn.
fox (sp. of red fox) wʼan peˑtʼs. See wʼan.
fracture, to qewi̲ʼ. +Sv.
fragile, be lʼem\ʼ. Sv.
frame (for stretching hides) waktn̲oˑts. See wak.
frame (wall frame for a summer house) sg̣ačoˑ. S-n.
freckle-faced wčʼeˑčʼr̲bqʼdk. See čʼečʼ.
freeze ʔeww. Sv.
freeze (hands, ears, cheeks) ndočʼ. Sv.
freshly nčalq. Sra.

498
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
Friday tonʼipnʼiks. See tonʼip. Also tonʼipnʼi. See tonʼip.
friend se̲ʼwaLineˑʼs. See waLin.
friends with, be waLin. S-v (?).
frighten sne̲wosa. See wos.
frighten (scare, startle) he̲stoqʼa. See toqʼ.
fringe, to wbe. S-v.
frog kowʼe. Sn.
frog (small sp.) weg̣etʼ. S-n.
frog (tree frog) yʼaynʼatiˑ weg̣etʼs. See yʼaynʼa and weg̣etʼ.
from kniˑ. sn sp sd sa sl.
from earth to sky kʼačʼ. -Sv.
from hand to hand awaw. sv.
from house to house attal. sv.
from person to person awaw. sv.
front, in lobytant. See loby. Also ayʼaˑY. sv.
frost, to sgomL. Sv.
frostbitten, be non. S-v.
frown, to sčilikʼa̲. Sv.
fry sničiˑqʼ. Sv.
frying pan lebwin. Sn.
full sdaˑ. Sra.
full, be ʔewʼn̲. Sv.
full load, on top of a aptneˑg̣i. sv.
fumble, to Ločʼ. Sv.
fun le domns. See le and domn.
fungus (shelf-shaped tree fungus) mokʼsʔm sniˑg̣\ʼs. See mokʼ and sniˑg̣\ʼ.
funny wetn̲yspči. See wetn̲.
fur niˑl. Sn.
[future-intentive] wabg. sv.
fuzzy (soft), be mʼog\ʼ. Sv.
fuzzy (prickly), be Lopʼ. +Sv.
G
gallop waqsi̲ʼ. Sv.
gamble sakl\ʼ. Sv.
game of needle and ball sokʼokkʼo. S-n.
garlic qʼoy r̲e̲bilwieˑʼs. See bilwi.
garment, act upon a slᵉ. S-v (cl.).
gash, to čayi̲ʼ. +Sv.
gasp (belch) mpakʼ. Sv. Or mpʼaqʼaˑ. S-v.
gather food stayLa̲. Sv.
gather together oˑlgi. -Sv.
geestring se̲nᵉayʼasg̣as. See ayʼasg̣.
genitals (female), on the ew. sv.
genitals (male), on the ayʼasg̣. sv.
germ (?) memyeˑk. Sn.
gesture “inside” in the hand game (indicating that the marked bones are in the pattern oxxo) yʼoˑsg̣n̲a. See yʼoˑ.
gesture “inside-outside” in the handgame (indicating that the marked bones are in the pattern xoxo or oxox, depending upon the direction of the hand-gesture). woy. S-n.
gesture “outside” in the hand game (indicating that the marked bones are in the pattern xoox) sg̣ečʼn̲a. See sg̣e.
get (obtain) snʼog̣. Sv.
get up out of bed ba. S-v.
getting (obtaining) oga̲. -Sv.
getting up adgl. sv.
ghost skoˑgs. See skoˑg.
gift, give a ktʼo. S-v.
gifts to the groom at a marriage ʔiwys. See ew.
gills sqʼayʼe. Sn.

499
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
girl snʼeweˑčʼkʼa. See snʼeweˑčʼ.
girl (little) nʼisq. S-n.
girl (teenage) siww. S-n.
girls weˑwʼanwyˑkʼ. See weˑwʼanʼ.
glass widaˑl. Sn.
girth (horse harness) switʼloˑts. See swᵛ.
give (pl. objs.) sʔewanʔ. Sv.
give a gift ktʼo. S-v.
giving a single obj. oy. sv.
gizzard mpetʼlʼg̣s. See mpetʼ.
glad, be qʼoyseˑwi̲ʼ. Sv.
glance, to qʼliq. S-v.
glare, to qil\ʼ. Sv.
glitter, to lʼeqʼ. Sv.
gloomy, be yaˑnWa\ʼ. Sv.
glove, wear nʼepeˑʼa. See eˑʼ.
glow, to kčal. S-v.
glued, be ntʼakʼ. S-v.
gluttonous, be wneq. Sv.
gnat(s) qʼotpʼ. S-n.
go gᵛ. S-v (cl.).
go (flock, herd) čᵛ. S-v (cl.).
go (school of fish) tʼoy. S-v.
go backwards sg̣e. S-v.
go hand in hand či. S-v.
go in a group wlan. S-v.
go to Spirit-land noˑ. S-v.
go out (fire) bičg. Sv.
goat goˑt. Sn.
God blaydalʼkniˑ. See blay.
going toward eliˑ. sv.
good dičʼiˑ. See dičʼ.
goodbye, say sʔeqg̣. Sv.
goose (wild goose) loˑ. S-n.
gooseberry r̲é̲r̲Loy\ʼsʔm. See Loy\ʼ.
goosefoot (plant) qočaˑnig. S-n.
gopher mong. Sn.
gopher (sp.) monaˑ r̲e̲damnys. See damnoń̲.
gossip, to r̲e̲se̲g̣wᵛobga. See g̣wᵛ.
grandchild. See the reciprocal terms for “grandfather” and “grandmother.”
grandfather (father’s father) loks. -S-n.
grandfather (mother’s father) kʼaˑs. -S-n.
grandmother (father’s mother) tʼeˑw. -S-n.
grandmother (mother’s mother) qʼol. -S-n.
granular objs., act upon a handful of čʼa. S-v (cl.).
grasp (hold, obtain) snʼog̣. Sv.
grass woyg̣ang. S-n.
grass (hay) kson. Sn.
grasses: for various spp. see under “plant.” Grasses having commonly known English names will be found under those headings.
grasshopper (large sp.) tʼaˑhʔ. -S-n.
grasshopper (small sp.) ǰigačg. S-n.
grave spinoˑ. Sn.
graveyard ʔilʼg̣sg̣eˑni. See elʼg̣.
graze ltew. Sv.
grease blo. Sn.
greasy, be nčes. S-v.
great-aunt (grandfather’s sister) loloˑs. -S-n.
great-aunt (grandmother’s sister) lig. -S-n.
great-grandmother (father’s grandmother) čoˑl. -S-n.
great-grandmother (mother’s grandmother) wawʼiˑk. S-n.
great-nephew (and great-niece). See the reciprocal terms for “great-uncle” and “great-aunt.”

500
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
great-uncle (father’s father’s brother) baˑg̣. -S-n.
great-uncle (mother’s mother’s brother) koy. -S-n.
green woyg̣ang. S-n.
grey hair ʔol. S-n.
grimace sčilikʼa̲. Sv.
grin, to mʼotčʼočʼoˑyʼ. Sv.
grind (parched wokas) lᵛoliˑna. See lᵛ.
grind (with a mortar and pestle) gaˑm. Sv.
grind (with a two-horned muller and a metate) beqs. Sv.
grinding stone (lower: metate) lmʼač. Sn.
grinding stone (upper: two-horned muller) se̲ʼlᵛikLkʼys. See lᵛ.
gristle kʼoˑčgoˑts. See kʼoˑčg.
grit the teeth se̲g̣wᵛačdang̣a. See g̣wᵛ.
grope aws. -Sv.
groundhog (or “woodchuck”) moy. Sn.
group, act upon a liw. S-v.
grouse tmo. Sn.
grow (hair, plants) g̣e. S-v.
grow (person) tsiń̲. Sv.
grow (shoots, sprouts) stabg. Sv.
growl, to sʔollqʼ. Sv.
grub bolqʼwan. S-n.
gruel lagmin. Sn.
grunt, to sʔopqʼ. Sv.
gudgeon: for various spp. see under “fish.”
guess nidw. Sv.
gun lolog̣skʼeys. See nkʼeysʔań̲.
gunny sack qʼočwʼal. Sn.
gunwales sʔaliˑn. S-n.
gush stopʼ. S-v.
H
[habitual] damn. sv.
hail, to qlaLʔań̲. Sv.
hair lag̣. Sn.
hair (fur) niˑl. Sn.
hair, cut the yʼoqʼ. -Sv.
hair, in the aqaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
hair, on the ačw. sv.
half datg̣lam. Sl.
halitosis, have qʼoy haˑwi̲ʼa. See haˑwi̲ʼ.
hammer npatʼtn̲oˑts. See patʼ.
hand nʼep. Sn.
hand, act with the nʼiq. S-v. Also das. S-v.
hand outstretched, with the liˑg. sv.
handful of granular objs., act upon a čʼa. S-v (cl.).
handful of liquid, act upon a qliw. S-v.
handgame, play nayatʼiˑya. Sn Sv.
handkerchief kikǰam. Sn.
handkerchief (silk) leswi. Sn.
handle (bucket, basket) čʼiskʼws. See čʼis.
handle (knife) dᵛoLys. See dᵛ.
handle (tool) snʼog̣kys. See snʼog̣.
hands, act with the dᵛ. S-v (cl.).
handsprings, turn čʼikwʼalg̣ol. S-v.
hang onto wʼintn̲a. See wʼin.
hang the head se̲ʔeysg̣n̲bga. See ʔey.
hanging off the edge owʼeˑtʼ. sv.
hanging up high akʼaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
happen neˑbg. Sv.
happy, be sidyaykʼ. Sv. Also qʼoyseˑwi̲ʼ. Sv.
hard, be qaW. S-v.
hard (difficult), be qwaˑtʼ. Sv.

501
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
hat čʼoyeˑs. See čʼoyʔ. Also matʼ. S-n. Also daqmil. Sn.
hat (in a myth) baˑlʼaˑʼ. S-n.
hat, wear čʼoyʔ. Sv.
hatch (egg) posl. Sv.
hate, to qʼoy\ʼ. Sv.
haul (a load) sʔop. S-v.
haul, to hiˑwi. Sv.
have emčn̲. -Sv.
have a lot (?) blewgi. Sv (?).
having gidk. See gi.
having been …ed dk. sv.
having done … ank. sv.
having no … qʼelyʼak. Srn.
hawk (bird hawk) witgatg. S-n.
hawk (fish hawk) dogwʼ. -S-n.
hawk (marsh hawk) tewg̣. -S-n.
hawk (marsh hawk) čʼikdo. Sn.
hawk (meathawk) r̲e̲čʼoleˑkslʼis. See čʼoleˑk.
hawk (nighthawk) čʼasg̣iˑp. S-n.
hawk (sp.) ndᵛoga̲ys. See n.
hawk (sparrowhawk) čʼliklak. Sn.
hay kson. Sn.
he-she-it (intensive) bi. Sp.
head nʼo. S-n.
head, act with the ʔey. S-v. Also tʼoqʼ. -Sv.
head, cut off the kʼačʼ. -Sv.
head, on the ačw. sv.
head of the penis lᵛawʼaˑlʼs. See lᵛ.
headband snawč. S-n. Also se̲ʼwallYn̲ys. See wal.
headfirst, act g̣oˑ. S-v (cl.).
headfirst, fall dᵛ. S-v (cl.).
headrest (for a cradleboard) ʔeyyg̣ioˑts. See ʔey.
heal wen̲bli. See wen̲.
hear domn. Sv.
heart sdayn. S-n.
heartburn, have likʼ. S-v.
hearth sneylʼg̣s. See sney.
heat g̣elbkʼs. See g̣el.
heavy, be ʔiw. S-v.
heavy or pronged obj., act upon a qa. S-v (cl.).
heel staklʼinč. Sn.
helldiver (black helldiver) ngoq. Sn.
help, to satʼwaˑY. Sv.
helping awʼaˑY. sv.
helter-skelter gmeˑteˑt. Sra.
hemorrhoids kʼiliˑt mʼaˑsi̲ʼs. See kʼiliˑt.
“henwas” (a stone carving having spirit power) henw. S-n.
herd (drive animals) tpo. S-v. Also niw. S-v.
herd, act upon a liw. S-v.
here gida. Sl.
here and there okang. sv.
heron (great blue heron) qʼaˑhʔ. -S-n.
heron (green heron) tʼwaqʼ. S-n.
hiccough, to Yakʼ. Sv.
hidden, be pʼačʼ. +Sv sv.
hide (cured) mbaw. S-n.
hide (uncured) qla. S-n.
hide, act upon a bᵛ. S-v (cl.).
hide the bones (in the handgame) čᵛewa. See čᵛ. Also see doˑkanga “shifts the bones from hand to hand before finally hiding them.” See doˑ.
hiding ayahʔ. sv.
high (above) blay. Sl.
high (tall) ʔaˑdiˑ. Sl.
high (up high, hanging) akʼaˑyi̲ʼ.
hill (mountain) yʼayʼna. Sn.
hill (slope) lalli̲ʼs. See lalli̲ʼ.
hill, down a eqweˑL. sv. Also atqʼaps. sv.

502
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
hillside, against a alamn. sv.
hillside, along a oYn̲. sv.
hint (that one is hungry) ʔan. Sv.
hipbone gmočs. See gmoč.
hiss (snake) skaˑkʼ. Sv.
hit (with a fist, kick) kt. S-v (cl.).
hit (with a long instrument) w. S-v (cl.).
hit (with a round instrument) n. S-v (cl.).
hit, to dᵛ. -S-v (cl.).
hit again on the same spot čewi̲ʼ. -Sv.
hit on the head qʼomi̲ʼ. -Sv.
hoarse, be sqel. S-v.
hobble (an animal) sqʼotʼlʼg̣a. See qʼotʼ.
hoe, to spᵛLeˑčnʼa. See Leˑ.
hold (grasp) snʼog̣. Sv.
hold a baby on a cradleboard ʔeM. S-v.
hold in the mouth qbi. S-v (cl.). Also qbᵛ. S-v (cl.).
hold someone’s possessions for him womiˑdiˑla. See womiˑ.
holding (carrying) oyamn. sv.
hole ginr̲dgs. See gin.
hole (den) waˑs. See waˑ.
hollow on top, be g̣oM\ʼ. Sv.
home čiˑs. See čiˑ.
home, arriving adbn̲. sv.
homesick, be čʼiyoˑlʼ. Sv.
honey r̲é̲r̲momsʔm pʼań̲s. See mom.
honeycomb bog̣. S-n.
honeybee mom. -S-n.
hoof qʼoǰing. S-n.
hook a fish tʼapʼ. -Sv.
hoop, bend into čʼis. S-v.
hoot (owl) mbaw. Sv.
hop, to kʼoY\ʼ. Sv.
hop on one foot kʼlečʼ. Sv.
hop on one foot with the other held forward čʼiWden. S-v.
hope that … ʔam. Srp.
horn tog̣i. Sn.
horned toad popwʼeg. S-n.
horse wač. Sn.
horse (wild) tg̣aˑwʼ. S-n.
horsefly sqʼoplʼing. S-n.
horseshoe lasg̣. -S-n.
[hortative, first person plural:] let us … nʼa. sv.
[hortative, first person singular: I let me … ek. sv.
[hortative, imperative] yʼoˑ. Srp.
hot, be g̣el. S-v.
house lačs. See lač.
-house haw. -S-n.
house (summer house) wqeplʼg̣. S-n.
house (type) g̣ayaˑtʼa. Sn.
house (winter house) loldm\ʼa̲llʼg̣s. See loldm.
house, build lačʼ. Sv.
housefly mang̣. Sn.
house-pit slʼoqoˑp. S-n.
how waq. Sri.
how big det. Sri.
how far dadaˑdi. See dadaˑ.
how many danq. Sri.
how much det. Sri.
however daˑts. Srp. Also dak. Srp.
howl (mad dog) waˑʼ. Sv.
howl (pack of coyotes) yeq. Sv.
howl (wolf) woˑʼ. Sv.
huckleberry ʔiwm. Sn.
huckleberry (small sp.) waslalm r̲e̲ʔiwm\ʼaˑkʼ. See ʔiwm.
huddle (herd) liw. S-v.

503
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
hummingbird pʼisʔ. -S-n.
hunchback skʼoyʼa. Sn.
hunchbacked, be sqalb. Sv.
hundred tewnʼipnʼi tewnʼip. See tewnʼip.
“hung up” in sexual intercourse, be se̲čʼliga̲dang̣a. See čʼlᵉ.
hungry, be dyeˑmi̲ʼ. Sv.
hungry, go sdaˑw. Sv.
hunt, to gan. S-v.
hunt birds with torches slom. S-v.
hunting wawlag̣. S-n.
hurry, to soˑk. S-v.
hurt (injured), be qʼaL. S-v.
hurt, to mʼaˑsi̲ʼ. Sv.
hurt again on the same spot kawʼ. -Sv.
husband hiswag̣. S-n.
hymen dᵛews. See dᵛ.
I
I ni. Sp.
I (declarative) noˑ. Sp.
ice we. S-n.
icicle, form wayaˑlb. Sv.
if heˑ. Srp.
imago hontn̲ys. See hon.
imitate sʔaywgalla. See sʔaywg.
[imperative plural] at. sv.
[imperative (polite)] ang. sv.
[imperative singular] i. sv.
impetigo čʼimtʼs. See čʼi.
in d̲at. Sl sn sp sd sa sl.
in … places ʼaˑs. sa.
in (into) a container ig̣og. sv. Also iwyʼg̣. sv.
in (into) a corner akʼčʼwy. sv.
in (into) a flat place ew. sv.
in (into) a hole oneˑg. sv.
in (into) a house oLy. sv.
in (into) a line oykiˑn. sv.
in (into) a narrow place akʼčʼwy. sv. Also akʼakweˑg. sv. Also kʼačweˑg. sv.
in (into) a pocket akʼčʼwy. sv.
in (into) mud or snow awʼiˑn. sv.
in (into) the bushes or woods aqaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
in (into) the doorway eqʼy. sv.
in (into) the fire alʼaˑlʼ. sv.
in (into) the hair aqaˑyi̲ʼ. sv. Also ačw. sv.
in (into) the mouth odg̣nʼ. sv.
in (into) the mouth (snacking, swallowing) og̣y. sv.
in (into) the road eqʼy. sv.
in (into) the sunshine atʼaˑwi̲ʼ. sv.
in (into) the water ew. sv.
in a circle akʼiˑmi̲ʼ. sv.
in a competition eˑʼ. sv.
in a line, be tʼepʼ. -Sv. Also owiˑ. -Sv.
in front lobytant. See loby. Also ayʼaˑY. sv.
in front of the male genitals ayʼasg̣. sv.
in order to wk. sv.
in pieces, be tʼekʼ. +Sv.
in strips onamn. sv.
in the eye (injure the eye) čʼiwʼ. -Sv.
in the face (act on the face) pʼeqʼ. -Sv sv.
in two (pl.), cut golčʼ. -Sv.
in two (sg.), cut gattʼ. +Sv.
inaudible, be almost qyos. Sv.
incite sne̲leˑgdgi. See leg.
[inclusive] ʼokʼ. sa.
[inclusive, emphatic] dank. sa.

504
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
indeed (indicates a new subject) čik. Srp.
indeed (indicates present-progressive action or state) lis. Srp.
indeed (indicates that the speaker expects some response) hay. Srp.
index finger spelwys. See spel.
Indian maqlag̣. S-n.
[indicative] a. sv.
indigestion, have likʼ. S-v.
industrious person winYaˑʼ. S-n.
infatuated, be ldokw. Sv. Also wičʼtn̲a. See wičʼ.
information (advice), give sʔawʼaˑY. Sv.
inheritance sg̣eg̣. S-n.
injured, be qʼaL. S-v.
ink ʔink. Sn.
insect (similar to a weevil) r̲e̲qamlslʼis. See qaml.
insect (sp.) r̲e̲tʼaˑmdgislʼis. See tʼaˑm.
insect (threadlike water insect) ʔamboʔm lag̣. See ʔambo.
inside waˑsi. Sl.
inside (?) akt. sv.
inside (action inside) oyeˑni̲ʼ. sv.
inside (action outside to inside) oLy. sv.
“inside” gesture in the handgame (indicating that the marked bones are in the pattern oxxo) yʼoˑsg̣n̲a. See yʼoˑ.
inside out, turn spentʼoˑ. S-v.
“inside-outside” gesture in the handgame (indicating that the marked bones are in the pattern oxox or xoxo, depending upon the direction of the accompanying hand-gesture) woy. S-n.
insist g̣illi̲ʼr̲tn̲nʼa. See g̣illi̲ʼ.
inspect swᵉotn̲nʼa. See swᵉ.
instead (rather, however) dak. Srp.
instead (with) tʼet. sn sp sd.
[instrumental] oˑt. sv.
[instrumental noun formant] kʼ. sv.
[instrumental:] with, by means of tga. sn sp sd sa.
insult (by coming jovially into a house of mourning) saˑč. Sv. Also yeq. Sv.
insult, to laˑm. Sv.
intending to (feeling like) nʼapg. sv.
intending to (planning to) samni. sv.
[intensive] ʔé̲. sd sl.
[intensive] r̲. psv. Also r̲é̲r̲. pSv pSn. Also r̲é̲ˑr̲. pSv pSn. Also r̲r̲. psv psn. Also r̲r̲é̲. psv.
[intensive, action upon plural objs.] ˑ. pSv.
interjections: the following are a few of the more structured interjections and interjection-like unanalyzable utterances occurring in the corpus. Myth speech “taglines” and rare interjections (usually with anomalous phonemic material) are omitted here but are described in the Notes to the Texts.
careful! look out! dodoˑ!
here, take it! čimi!
here boy! (to a dog) čʼisk!
just like that! All at once! tʼasak!

505
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
oh! yaˑ!
oh my goodness! yags dwaˑ! See yag.
shhh! (used to put an infant to sleep) ʔisʔisʔis! See ʔis.
sic ’im! koskoskos! See kos.
sssss! (sound of hot iron or rock being dropped into liquid) čʼiW!
that’s not called for! skay hak čʼaˑms! See skay and čʼaˑm.
yes! ʔiˑ!
interpret lodadg. Sv.
interpret a shaman’s song win. S-v.
[interrogative] dam. Srp.
[interrogative] dal. Srp.
interrupt nayamčʼ. Sv.
intestines qʼayʼe. Sn.
intestines (fish) smʼoling. S-n.
into. Many morphemes have both a directional and a static locative sense. These have been listed above under “in.”
into another room etʼleˑg̣i. sv.
into a circle oqʼil. -Sv.
into water okʼčʼw. sv.
introduce (a person) he̲sqoyg̣a. See qoyg̣.
intrude gᵛadbn̲oˑta. See gᵛ.
intuit se̲mčelg̣a. See mčelg̣.
invite (ask someone to do) satma̲. Sv.
invite (ask someone to go) saMoˑ. S-v.
ipos (sp. edible root) g̣eˑ. S-n.
iris (plant) g̣aˑg̣ʔm lag̣oˑ. See g̣aˑg̣ and lag̣.
iron (clothes), to lᵛtʼasčnʼa. See tʼas.
iron (metal) ǰigmin. Sn.
irrigate sčʼiLWn̲a. See čʼi. Also sčʼir̲yamna. See čʼi. Also sčʼičʼn̲a. See čʼi.
island ʔawalw. S-n.
itch, to yʼoqʼ. Sv.
J
jackrabbit ng̣ol. Sn.
jail ʔiLyks. See oLy. Also ǰeyl. Sn.
jar ǰaˑ. Sn.
javelin se̲kten̲eˑʼs. See kt.
jaw g̣ag̣oˑ. Sn.
jay tsg̣ew. -S-n.
jealous, be sqas. Sv.
Jew naqspoˑʼ. -S-n.
jingle čaqʼ. Sv.
joining dang̣. sv.
joint solpsag̣. S-n.
joke, to gmay. Sv.
juice ntolsgs. See ntol.
jump (fish) čew. -Sv.
jump, to ngatʼ. S-v.
jump (run, sg.). to hod̲. S-v (cl.).
juniper qʼeˑLo. Sn.
juniper berry biwčʼeˑw. S-n.
just as waqt. See waq.
just did and no more čʼn̲. sv.
K
Kalapuya Indians mokey. Sn.
katydid čʼalmgoˑyʼ. S-n. Also čʼloppʼ. -S-n.
keep doing [durative] obg. sv.
keep doing [habitual] damn. sv.
keepsake sg̣eg̣. S-n.

506
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
kettle liLpʼ. S-n.
kick, to kt. S-v (cl.).
kidneys lemyʼeˑq. -S-n.
kill (pl.) he̲sčʼoˑqʼa. See čʼoˑqʼ.
kill (pl.; slay) lwel. Sv.
kill (sg.) siwg. Sv.
killdeer čʼwiˑdidig. S-n.
kind (sort) wiqčʼ. S-n.
kind (this …, that …) mʼas. sd.
kingfisher čʼan. -Sn.
kinked, be lg̣eˑy. S-v.
[kinship pl.] ys. sn.
[kinship prefix] b. pn.
[kinship vocative] r̲e̲. pn. Also y. sn.
Klamath Falls ʔiWr̲LWn̲nʼa. See ʔiW.
Klamath Lake ʔews. See ʔew.
Klamath Marsh ʔewksi. See ʔew.
Klamath People ʔewksikniˑ. See ʔew.
knead tg̣oy. Sv.
knee qʼolʼinč. Sn.
knee, act with the lʼoč. S-v (cl.).
knife waˑtʼi. Sn.
knife (type with a crosspiece handguard) dᵛeqn̲ys. See dᵛ.
knife handle dᵛoLys. See dᵛ.
knit lečʼn̲. Sv.
knock, to g̣aW\ʼ. -Sv.
knot (tangle) nᵉačqaˑyi̲ʼa. See nᵉ.
knot, tie a qʼotʼ. -Sv.
knot up (cramp) stiˑqʼ. Sv.
know sʔaywgtn̲a. See sʔaywg.
know how, not čʼaˑni̲ʼ. Sv.
L
lace (shoelace) he̲sličlʼg̣oˑts. See slič.
lace up lečʼn̲tn̲nʼa. See lečʼn̲.
lacking (having no …, without) qʼelyʼak. Srn.
lacking, be qʼeˑgi. Sv.
ladder waq. S-n. Also gamnioˑts. See gᵛ.
ladder (for the underground winter house) gᵛawloˑtkʼys. See gᵛ.
ladybug snotʼoˑts. See snotʼ.
lake ʔew. S-n.
lame, be qʼwanqʼ. Sv.
land g̣eˑla. Sn.
land (a canoe) sg̣ᵛabaˑtn̲a. See sg̣ᵛ.
language hemkangs. See hem.
language, speaking the … of the preceding noun yal. sv.
lap, on the aqʼaˑqʼ. sv.
lap, to wlʼaks. S-v.
lark (meadowlark) sqolʼe. Sn.
larkspur ǰolg. -S-n.
last tabyʼ. S-n Sl.
late, become sponneˑga. See spon.
later ʔonʼčeˑ. Srt.
laugh, to wetn̲. Sv.
laugh (pl.), to lwayqʼ. Sv.
laughter wetn̲ys. See wetn̲.
laughter, roar with sdoqʼ. Sv.
lavaliere se̲lᵛowʼeˑtʼs. See lᵛ.
law, make newlʼg̣. Sv.
lay (an egg) napl\ʼa̲la. See napl.
laying down (an obj.) elʼg̣. sv.
lazy, be yʼaMkʼ. Sv.
lead (metal) kʼeysa̲ls. See nkʼeysʔań̲.
lead, to spon. S-v (cl.).
leaf tʼapq. Sn.
leaf out tʼapq\ʼa̲la. See tʼapq.
leak, to či. S-v.
lean (on a stick) se̲kᵛiwčnʼa. See kᵛ.

507
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
lean (vertical objs. together) sčokʼ. S-v.
lean, to sdokʼ. S-v.
leaning against abaˑtn̲. sv.
leaning diagonally against abaˑyi̲ʼ. sv.
leapfrog, play se̲ngatʼyg̣eˑʼa. See oyg̣i.
learn sʔaywg. Sv.
leather boqʼeˑw. S-n.
leave (go away) gᵛoWasga. See gᵛ.
leave (someone behind) he̲sčᵛalʼaˑlʼčʼa̲bga. See alʼaˑlʼ.
leave (something; abandon) deˑWi. Sv. Also g̣lewyčn̲a. See g̣lewy.
leave alone (let go) deliˑn. Sv.
leech sdaqbong. S-n.
left, be on the sqeˑdi. Sv.
leg čʼoˑg. S-n.
leg, act with the sboˑ. S-v.
leggings, wear mideˑʼ. Sv.
legs, act with sqeqʼ. Sv.
less than ten qʼeˑgs. -Sa.
let (allow someone to go, do) ʔinoˑ. S-v.
let (permit) weˑwl\ʼ. Sv.
let go of deliˑn. Sv.
let me …! ([first person singular hortatory]) ek. sv.
let us …! ([first person plural hortatory]) nʼa. sv.
let’s …! haga. Srp.
lever, act with a sʔiwl. S-v.
lice egg(s) čʼiqaˑt. S-n.
lick, to pʼelqʼ. Sv.
lid, to wtʼamʼ. Sv.
lie (animal) din. S-v.
lie (exist) bᵛ. -S-v (cl.).
lie (pl.) lolʼal. S-v.
lie (sg.) sqʼol. S-v.
lie (tell a falsehood) kʼiy\ʼ. Sv.
lie flat on the back wLetʼ. S-v.
lie on one’s side qʼya. S-v.
lie on the stomach wʼin. S-v.
light (in weight), be tsaˑkʼ. Sv.
light a fire soˑč. Sv.
light-colored, be čoqʼ. Sv.
lightning, flash wlepʼl\ʼ. Sv.
like (similar to) sitk. Sre. Also pč. sn sp sd sa.
like, to dičʼeˑwi̲ʼa. See eˑwi̲ʼ.
limb weq. Sn.
limber, be kčaˑkʼ. Sv. Also wlʼiˑqʼ. Sv.
limit (of a place), to the abaˑni. sv.
limp, to qʼwanqʼ. Sv.
line, be in a tʼepʼ. -Sv. Also owiˑ. -Sv.
line, in a oykiˑn. sv.
line up (horizontally) ʔeM. S-v.
line up (one behind the other) temiˑ. S-v.
lint mʼoˑg\ʼs. See mʼog\ʼ.
linty, be mʼog\ʼ. Sv.
lion (mythological animal) qʼoyqʼaˑwʼ. S-n.
liquid, act upon a container of čʼi. S-v (cl.).
liquid, act upon a handful of qliw. S-v.
liquor (all types) laˑm. Sn.
lisp, to weǰli. Sv.
listen mačaˑ. S-v.
listen for nčayakʼ. S-v.
litter, carry on a liwaˑ. S-v.
litter, have a Laˑ. Sv.
little kʼeččʼa. Sa. Also nčʼekʼ. Sra.
little finger qʼapčʼa. Sn.

508
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
live (be alive) hoqn̲. Sv.
live (pl.) waˑ. Sv.
live (sg.) čiˑ. Sv.
live with kseg̣i. Sv.
lively, be leg. S-v.
liver balla. Sn.
living obj., act upon a ksᵛ. S-v (cl.).
lizard qiˑʔa. Sn.
lizard (blue-tailed lizard) lastostg. S-n.
lizard (sp.) lʼoˑg. S-n.
lizard (water lizard) sg̣oˑtʼig. S-n.
loan, to wolqʼ. Sv.
located, be ʔiW. S-v.
[locative] t. sp sd sa sl. Also ʼiˑt. sl. Also tʼa. sl.
[locative:] in, at, on d̲at. Sl sn sp sd sa sl.
lock (a door) he̲shod̲kʼya. See hod̲.
locust tʼaˑhʔ. -S-n.
loin cloth he̲swayʼasg̣ys. See w.
lonesome, be sakʼamsineˑʼ. Sv.
long (tall, high, far) ʔaˑdiˑ. Sl sr.
long ago (in ancient times) gaˑ. S-n.
long ago (some time ago) dank. Sn.
long instrument, act with a w. S-v (cl.).
long object, act upon a ʔᵛ. S-l (cl.).
long objects (few), act upon yan. S-v.
long time maˑns. Srt.
look, to dᵉl. S-v (cl.). Also swᵉ. S-v (cl.).
look like swᵉ. S-v (cl.).
look for g̣aˑykʼ. Sv. Also qmag̣. Sv.
looking like sleˑs. See sleʔ.
loon daplal. Sn.
loon (small sp.) qoqyʼag̣. S-n.
loose, be čey. Sv.
lope ltig\ʼ. Sv.
lose sne̲qʼeˑgi. See qʼeˑgi. Sv.
louse kʼoY. S-n.
love, to stin. S-v.
Lower Rogue River people soˑlčoqkniˑ. See soˑl.
lukewarm, be loqwa̲. Sv.
lunch čᵛelʼg̣s. See čᵛ.
lung(s) tʼosoˑq. S-n.
lynx slowaˑ. Sn.
M
“maa” (make a noise like a deer) meˑʼ. Sv.
magpie wʼig̣. -S-n.
make (do, work) sʔ. S-v (cl.).
make a bed slan̲a. See slan̲.
make a face sničʼiˑčʼ. S-v.
make a noise, rumpus qʼeˑlʼi̲. Sv.
make trouble g̣lom. S-v.
man hiswag̣. S-n.
-man meˑn. -Sn.
mane waˑmčaqLWn̲ys. See waˑm. Or waˑmLWn̲ys. See waˑm.
mangy, be r̲r̲e̲stʼaqʼsga. See tʼaqʼ.
many dom. Sa.
many places, in domaˑs. See dom.
manzanita qʼaǰaym. S-n.
march, to kin. S-v.
marestail (plant) g̣oˑ. S-n.
marks, make qʼoˑčʼ. -Sv.
marks (scribbling), make lʼaˑkʼ. -Sv.
marrow stʼopʼ. S-n.
marry se̲moseˑlʼa. See mboseʼlʼ.

509
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
marry (man) snʼeweˑčʼs\ʼa̲la. See snʼeweˑčʼs\ʼa̲la. See snʼeweˑčʼ.
marry (woman) hiswag̣s\ʼa̲la. See hiswag̣.
Mars r̲é̲r̲taklʼi. See tak.
marten (pine marten) peˑp. Sn.
mash (something doughy) lʼabkʼ. +Sv.
mash (something mushy) čʼabkʼ. +Sv.
mash (something sticky) tʼabkʼ. +Sv.
mash flat padg̣. -Sv.
massive shapeless obj., act upon a čʼlᵉ. S-v (cl.).
masturbate yečʼeˑlʼ. Sv.
mat slan̲ys. See slan̲.
mat (floor) slᵉikLs. See slᵉ.
mat (type) stʼab. S-n.
mat (wall) slᵉotn̲ys. See slᵉ.
mat (wall covering for a wickiup) stewL. S-n.
mat, act upon a slan̲. Sv.
mat roll (knee support for a cradleboard) slʼotʼitʼaˑʼ. S-n.
matches maǰ. S-n.
mature, to dis. S-v.
maybe. See “perhaps.”
meadow (plain) saˑykʼa. Sn.
meadowlark sqolʼe. Sn.
meanness (anger, cruelty) qiLoˑ. S-n.
measles gᵛotqʼags. See gᵛ.
measure, to sg̣iloˑlg̣. Sv.
meat čʼoleˑk. S-n.
meat, act upon a piece of čʼlᵉ. S-v (cl.).
medicine, take yawg̣. Sv.
meet, to hos. S-v.
melt čakʼ. +Sv.
melt (be juicy, drippy) čʼoččʼ. Sv.
melt (drip) nčikʼ. S-v.
menstruate mokʼ. Sv.
menstruate for the first time sdopWi. Sv.
meow, to mʼewʔ. Sv.
message noˑkangs. See noˑ.
metate (lower grinding stone) lmʼač. Sn.
metal waˑtʼitiˑ. See waˑtʼi.
mica widaˑl. Sn.
middle datg̣lam. Sl.
middle finger datg̣lamni. See datg̣lam.
midget, be skʼič. S-v.
milk ʔečʼs. See ʔečʼ.
mimic, to sʔaywgalla. See sʔaywg.
mink qliˑpa. Sn.
minnow: for various spp. see “fish.”
mint maˑčʼaˑ. S-n.
mirror se̲dᵉlewas. See dᵉl.
miscarriage, have kʼatʼaqʼiˑg̣i. Also sne̲ntʼiwčnʼa. See ntʼiw.
mischievous ledalʔaˑni. See dalʔaˑk.
misty, be g̣eˑla heʼa. See heʼ.
miss (be sad over an absence) lag̣y. Sv.
miss (not see someone for some time) lesmʼ. Sv.
miss a target qʼaYʔań̲. Sv.
mistake, make sampʼali̲. S-v.
mix, to sokl\ʼ. Sv.
mix up (whip up, tangle), to čʼaqʼ. S-v.
mixture of native tobacco and Bull Durham (“kinnikinnick”) sokl\ʼs. See sokl\ʼ.
moccasin (buckskin), wear waksna. Sn Sv.
moccasin (tule) wipga. Sn.
Modoc(s) moˑwa̲t\ʼaˑkʼkniˑ. See moˑwa̲.

510
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
Modoc accent, have goyʼ. Sv.
Molala čaggeˑnkniˑ. See čag.
mole (animal) r̲e̲ʼnᵉebli. See nᵉ.
mole (skin eruption) likt. S-n.
Monday lobyni. See loby.
money-lender r̲e̲ʼwolqʼys. See wolq.
mons Veneris ngenoˑ. Sn.
Montana Indians wač\ʼaˑkʼ r̲e̲pʼań̲ys. See pʼań̲.
month sʔab. S-n.
moo, to heˑma. See hem.
moon r̲r̲e̲wg̣awʼs. See wg̣aw.
mop, to kᵛčʼoˑsYeˑni̲ʼa. See čʼlos.
morning mboˑsant. Sn.
mortar (for grinding) sg̣a. Sn.
mosquito čʼiNeˑk. S-n.
moss qdayʔm skodas. See qday and skod.
moss (black moss) kʼal. Sn.
moss (sp.) swʼaw. S-n.
moth g̣aqoloˑqtn. S-n.
mother kʼis. -S-n.
moult slʼoqʼ. Sv.
mountain yʼayʼna. Sn.
mountain, over a etʼleˑg̣i. sv.
mountain dock g̣abyang. S-n.
mountain lily loqʔm čonws. See loq and čonw.
mountain lion daˑslaˑt. S-n.
mountain mahogany ʔamdalm. See ʔamda. Also yoqmalm. See yoqma.
mountainside, along a oYn̲. sv.
mourn (cry over, take something very hard) lowatbislʼ. Sv.
mourn (feel depressed over a death for a long time) kloy\ʼ. Sv.
mourn (regret) Lil. Sv.
mourn (wail) stodg̣n̲ys\ʼa̲la. See st.
mouse moqʼoˑga. Sn.
mouse (fieldmouse) msa. S-n.
mouse (large sp.) g̣laywʼa. Sn.
mouth som. Sn.
mouth, act with the qbᵛ. S-v (cl.). Also han. S-v.
mouth, hold in the qbi. S-v (cl.).
mouth, in the odg̣nʼ. sv.
mouth, in the (biting, swallowing) og̣y. sv.
mouthful, have smʼoqʼy. Sv.
mouthful, strangle on ntop. S-v.
move, to sikʼ. Sv.
moving (changing one’s dwelling) sL. sv.
mow moliˑn. Sv.
much (many) dom. Sa.
much (very) moˑ. Srm.
mucus (eye) wawʼaˑk. S-n.
mucus (nasal) sniˑg̣\ʼs. See sniˑg̣\ʼ.
mud tʼoboˑq. S-n.
mud (type) tʼilʼe. S-n.
mud, in the awʼiˑn. sv.
mud puddle r̲e̲čʼir̲yamns. See čʼi.
muddy a stream kʼoyoˑmi̲ʼ. Sv.
muddy place tʼopʼe. S-n.
muddy-brown, be mʼak. S-v.
mudhen tʼohoˑ. S-n.
mudhen (sp.—also called a sp. of squirrel by Gatschet and one informant) stʼokʼwa. Sn.
mudhole (bog) stʼoy. S-n.
mule limiˑl. Sn.
muller (two-horned upper grinding stone) se̲ʼlᵛikLkʼys. See lᵛ.
mullet: for various spp. see “fish.”
[multiplicator] ni. sa.
mumble sʔeWeWʔ. Sv.
mush (wokas) slot. S-n. Also noˑg̣\ʼa̲ls. See noˑg̣.

511
ENGLISH-KLAMATH
mushroom (or toadstool) lmenč. S-n.
mushy, be čʼabkʼ. +Sv.
muskrat pom\ʼaˑkʼ. See pom.
mustache smʼoˑg̣. Sn.
mustar see čʼipʼs. See čʼipʼs.
mustard seed (sp.) wisingʔm čʼipʼs. See čʼipʼ.
mustard seed gravy, eat čʼipʼ. Sv.
my gew. See ni and noˑ.
myth r̲r̲e̲sʔabg̣leˑʼs. See sʔab.
myth, tell g̣l. sv.
mythological animal (“giraffe”) g̣iliˑli. Sn.
mythological animal (“lion”) qʼoyqˑaˑwʼ. S-n.
mythological characters: for the proper names of persons and beings appearing in the myth texts, see “proper names”
mythological humans psewdi. S-n. Also r̲e̲gaˑwaˑs. See gaˑ and waˑ.
N
nag, to skʼičʼ. Sv.
nail ǰigmin. Sn.
nail, to patʼ. -Sv.
naked, be peˑnhi. Sv.
name seˑss. See seˑs.
name (call) ʔelg̣. Sv.
name (mean, give a price to) seˑs. Sv.
name unknown (“whatchamacallem”) sgo. Sd.
nape of the neck čʼikʼsʔm makwls. See čʼikʼ and mak.
[narrative] k. sd.
narrow place, in a akʼčʼwy. sv. Also akʼakweˑg. sv. Also kʼačweˑg. sv.
nauseated (vomit), be čonw. Sv.
nauseated, feel qʼoy\ʼ. Sv.
nauseated, feel slightly qbol. S-v.
navel tʼog̣. S-n.
near syokʼaˑ. S-l.
near (close, short) wikʼaˑ. Sl.
near (next to) aqyeˑtn̲. sv.
near (right up to) alčʼwy. sv.
nearly wikʼaˑ delčnʼbga. See wikʼaˑ and dᵉl.
nearly (almost: the action was not begun) a̲ksg. sv.
nearly (almost: the action was begun but not completed) Wiˑ. sv.
neck niˑ. S-n.
neck, around the aqʼaˑqʼ. sv.
neck, break the kʼačʼ. -Sv.
necklace yamn. S-n.
necklace (pendant) se̲lᵛowʼeˑtʼs. See lᵛ.
needle spiqn̲oˑts. See spi.
negro wayha. Sn. Also r̲e̲čʼoleˑks. See čʼoleˑk.
neigh heˑma. See hem.
neighbor se̲dᵉlatln̲bags. See dᵉl. Also yawkkniˑ. See yawk.
neighborly person se̲ʔilʼg̣iˑys. See elʼg̣.
nephew. See the reciprocal terms given under “aunt” and “uncle.” The following are not reciprocal:
nephew (or niece: man’s brother’s child) pʼaˑkt. S-n.
nephew (or niece: man’s sister’s child) ačg̣aˑL. -S-n.
nephew (or niece: woman’s sister’s child) mag̣oˑqʼ. S-n.

512
KLAMATH DICTIONARY
nest snʼoLs. See snʼoL.
nest (den, burrow) waˑs. See waˑ.
nest, build snʼoL. Sv.
net (fishnet) wičʼoˑL. S-n.
net (netting) layg̣. S-n.
net (or fishtrap?) wlo. Sn.
net fish deklʼg̣a. See dek.
net weight lodih. S-n.
nettle sleleˑčʼ. S-n.
nettle (virulent sp.) r̲e̲Lopʼtn̲Ysʔm. See Lopʼ.
nettle cord sleˑčʼ. S-n.
new tʼeyn. Sra.
newlywed girl sqabg. S-n.
never qʼay dadaˑ. See qay and. dadaˑ.
next (too, more) čgas. Sre.
next door pelwi. Sl. Also yawk. Sl.
next to aqyeˑtn̲. sv.
next to (right up to) alčʼwy. sv.
nickel (five cent piece) he̲sne̲r̲é̲ˑr̲bem\ʼs. See bem\ʼ.
niece. See the reciprocal terms given under “aunt” and “uncle.” See also the nonreciprocal terms given under “nephew” above.
night psin. Sn.
night, all niˑsda. Srt.
nightmare, have wden. S-v.
nine Načqʼeˑgs. See Naˑs and qeˑgs.
nineteen tewnʼip\ʼant Načqʼeˑgs. See tewnʼip, Naˑs and qʼeˑgs.
ninety Načqʼeˑgsnʼi tewnʼip. See Naˑs, qʼeˑgs and tewnʼip.
nipple (?) lᵛotn̲ys. See lᵛ.
no qʼay. Srn.
nock sdᵉlawllʼg̣s. See dᵉl.
noise qʼoy domns. See domn.
noise (rumpus), make qʼeˑlʼi̲ʼ. Sv.
[nominative] i. sa.
[nominative plural] g. sd.
[nonnominative] ng. sd.
[nonnominative plural] yʼas. sd.
[nonnominative theme formant] yʼeˑnʼ. sn sa sl sd.
nonround objs. (few), act upon yan. S-v.
noon psekst. Sn.
north yaˑma̲t. See yaˑma̲.
northern peoples (Columbia River people) yaˑma̲kniˑ. See yaˑma̲.
north-west ǰag̣ing. S-n.
nose psi. S-n.
nosebleed, have popʼ. +Sv.
nose-plug tʼotʼ. S-n.
not qʼay. Srn.
not (“un-”) le. Srp.
not know how to čʼaˑni̲ʼ. Sv.
not recognize qayqmʼ. Sv.
not see someone for some time lesmʼ. Sv.
not yet qʼay\ʼoˑ. See qʼay.
nothing qʼay dwaˑ. See qʼay and dwaˑ.
nothing, have (be empty-handed) le dwaˑ gi. See dwaˑ and gi.
nothing, have (lack) qʼeˑgi. Sv.
[noun formant] s. sv sn sl.
[noun formant] y. sv sn.
now ʔat. Srt.
now (right now) pačʼit. Srt. Also pačʼačʼwi. Srt.
now then! ča. Srp.
numb, be nǰoy. S-v.
nut (pine) qdeˑLo. Sn.